1 / 35

THE HEART

THE HEART. Heart Diagram Label. FUNCTION. TO PRESSURIZE THE BLOOD AND CAUSE IT TO FLOW THROUGH THE VESSELS. LAYERS OF THE HEART. PERICARDIUM - A DOUBLE LAYERED SAC THAT COVERS THE HEART. INSIDE THE SAC IS SEROUS FLUID WHICH PREVENTS FRICTION.

vera-giles
Télécharger la présentation

THE HEART

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THE HEART

  2. Heart Diagram Label

  3. FUNCTION TO PRESSURIZE THE BLOOD AND CAUSE IT TO FLOW THROUGH THE VESSELS.

  4. LAYERS OF THE HEART PERICARDIUM- A DOUBLE LAYERED SAC THAT COVERS THE HEART. INSIDE THE SAC IS SEROUS FLUID WHICH PREVENTS FRICTION. MYOCARDIUM- THE HEART MUSCLE ITSELF. (THE THICKEST LAYER). ENDOCARDIUM- LINES THE HEART.

  5. WHAT IS PERICARDITIS? AN INFLAMMATION OF THE PERICARDIUM USUALLY INFLAMMATORY OR VIRAL NOT USUALLY BACTERIAL DECREASED PRODUCTION OF SEROUS FLUID CAUSES A RUSTLING SOUND, A FRICTION RUB

  6. PROBLEM IF THE HEART CONTINUES TO RUB, THIS CAN EXERT EXCESS PRESSURE & CAUSE HEART FAILURE.

  7. WHAT IS ENDOCARDITIS? INFLAMMATION OF THE ENDOCARDIUM USUALLY THE ENDOCARDIUM COVERING THE HEART VALVES A BACTERIAL INFECTION

  8. ANATOMY OF THE HEART 4 CHAMBERS: 2 SUPERIOR, THIN-WALLED ATRIA 2 INFERIOR, THICK-WALLED VENTRICLES

  9. HEART VALVES PREVENT THE BACKFLOW OF BLOOD (Tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, bicuspid valve, Aortic valve)

  10. animation of heart valves find the heart with a virtual stethescope http://www.smm.org/heart/heart/steth.htm

  11. VALVE PROBLEMS 1. INCOMPETENT VALVE THE VALVE OPENS BUT DOES NOT CLOSE COMPLETELY. BACKWARD LEAKAGE OCCURS. THE HEART WORKS HARDER & THIS CAN LEAD TO HEART FAILURE.

  12. VALVULAR STENOSIS A STIFF VALVE DOES NOT OPEN ALL THE WAY MOST OFTEN DUE TO A SERIOUS BACTERIAL INFECTION BACTERIA CAUSE FORMATION OF SCAR TISSUE ON THE VALVE.

  13. NORMAL AORTIC VALVE

  14. AORTIC STENOSIS WITH CALCIFICATION

  15. Tx VALVE REPLACEMENT: EITHER MECHANICAL

  16. MECHANICAL MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT

  17. PATHWAY OF BLOOD THROUGH THE BODY(valves not included) SUPERIOR & INFERIOR VENA CAVA & CORONARY VEINS RIGHT ATRIUM RIGHT VENTRICLE

  18. PULMONARY ARTERY LUNGS Pulmonary veins LEFT ATRIUM

  19. LEFTVENTRICLE AORTA ARTERIOLES Capillary (TISSUES) venule to veins

  20. Please follow the path of circulation through the heart in the link below. http://www.smm.org/heart/heart/pumping.htm

  21. BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE MYOCARDIUM THE HEART IS NOT NOURISHED BY THE BLOOD THAT PASSES THROUGH IT. CORONARY ARTERIESSUPPLY O2 RICH BLOOD

  22. B. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI) A HEART ATTACK PART OF THE MYOCARDIUM DIES DUE TO PROLONGED LACK OF BLOOD & O2 SCAR TISSUE FORMS SCAR TISSUE CANNOT CONTRACT HEART BECOMES STIFF WORST MI? THE LEFT VENTRICLE

  23. FACTS 1 MILLION DIE FROM HEART DISEASE IN THE U.S. EACH YEAR #1 CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE U.S. MOST IMPORTANT Sx? CHEST DISCOMFORT THAT LASTS FOR MORE THAN A FEW MINUTES

  24. Tx 1. CLOT BUSTERS 2. ANGIOPLASTY 3. BY-PASS

  25. CLOT BUSTERS TPA & STREPTOKINASE MUST BE GIVEN WITHIN THE FIRST 90 MINUTES WHY? TISSUE DIES BY THIS TIME WHEN SHOULD YOU NOT GIVE A CLOT BUSTER? WHEN THERE IS A CHANCE OF SURGERY

  26. ANGIOPLASTY ALSO CALLED BALLOON SURGERY AN INFLATED BALOON IS PRESSED AGAINST THE WALL OF THE ARTERY TO COMPRESS THE OBSTRUCTION (PLAQUE) ABOUT 2/3 FAIL WITHIN ONE YEAR

  27. OCCLUDED ARTERY BLOOD PLAQUE BLOOD VESSEL

  28. BALLOON TO BE INFLATED

  29. HEART CONDITIONS A. ANGINA PECTORIS- CHEST PAIN DUE TO LACK OF O2 TO THE MYOCARDIUM 2 CAUSES: SPASMOF THE CORONARY ARTERIES. COLD CAN TRIGGER. Tx: NITROGLYCERINE 2. TOO MUCH PHYSICAL DEMAND Tx: SLOW DOWN

  30. BY-PASS SURGERY IS THE MOST DANGEROUS CHEST WALL IS CRACKED OPEN A VEIN IS USED TO REPLACE THE BLOCKED AREA OF THE ARTERY USUALLY A VEIN FROM THE LEG ONLY GOOD FOR ABOUT 10 YEARS

  31. Prevention Therapy Recommendations: A baby aspirin each day Who should avoid taking aspirin? 1. anyone with an allergy to aspirin 2. anyone with asthma 3. anyone with stomach ulcers 4. anyone with bleeding disorders 5. anyone with reduced liver or kidney function 6. anyone with uncontrolled high blood pressure

More Related