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Postbrief/Science Meeting 3:00 Tue 8 Jul 2008

Summary of ARCTAS P-3 Data Flight #21 Flown 7 Jul 2008 Phil Russell, NASA Ames with contributions from many, many experimenters, modelers, forecasters, & P-3 air & flight crews. Postbrief/Science Meeting 3:00 Tue 8 Jul 2008. AOD, 0Z,7/8. STEM Model prediction (U Iowa): July 7 P3 Flight.

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Postbrief/Science Meeting 3:00 Tue 8 Jul 2008

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  1. Summary ofARCTAS P-3 Data Flight #21Flown 7 Jul 2008Phil Russell, NASA Ameswith contributions from many, many experimenters, modelers, forecasters, & P-3 air & flight crews Postbrief/Science Meeting 3:00 Tue 8 Jul 2008

  2. AOD, 0Z,7/8 STEM Model prediction (U Iowa): July 7 P3 Flight

  3. GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight Lots of aerosols in the Siberian fire/Asian anthro. Plume, including sulfate, dust, OC, & BC.

  4. GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight A strong Siberia fire/Asian anthropogenic plume between 7-10 km.Weak Siberia fire/Asian anthropogenic plumes between 1-6 km. No significant California fire or N. American pollution.

  5. P-3 in ARCTAS: Payload  Flux↑,↓(l), albedo(l) •  AOD • Ext • H2O vapor  Flux↑,↓, albedo • Cavity Ringdown ext (2l) • Reciprocal Neph sca (2, RH )  Radiance, BRDF • Nenes CCN • PVM cloud drop reff, vol • TECO O3 COBALT:CO

  6. P3 Plan A Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 • Goals: • Asian-Siberian plume above low cloud in A-Train footprints (in situ aer, CO, O3, rad gradient & stack, CAR cloud BRDF, CALIPSO val, aer effects on MODIS PM cloud retrievals) • Ice Field BRDF • Clear-sky work at WP 6 as fallback.

  7. P3 Plan B Mon 7 Jul AOD = 0.49 on 6 Jul • Goals: • Asian-Siberian plume above Saturn Island AERONET (in situ aer, CO, O3 -AATS spiral, rad gradient & stack, CAR-AERONET) • Ice Field BRDF • Clear-sky work at WP 6 as fallback.

  8. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  9. GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight - Clouds Some middle and high clouds near Cold Lake.Close to Vancouver and Victoria island, some low clouds but no middle/high clouds.

  10. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  11. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 3 2 1 3 3 3 4 4 5 6 • Accomplishments: • Aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (DF/DAOT) under edge of advancing Asian/Siberian plume • Aerosol effects on MODIS-Terra cloud remote sensing • Tests of model aerosol, CO, & O3 predictions @ many locations • Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations • CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals • 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral

  12. Climate Change Science in INTEX-A/ICARTT Measurements of Aerosol Effects on the Solar Energy that Drives Climate Forcing Efficiency [W m-2] Solar energy [W m-2] Boreal Forest Fire Smoke Early in INTEX-A Slope =Aerosol Radiative Forcing Efficiency Case 2,21 Jul2004 Case Jetstream 31 (J31) Aerosol Amount, AOD(499 nm) Redemann et al., JGR, 2006 • Scientific Conclusions • The gradients (spatial variations) in AOD that occur frequently off the US East coast provide a natural laboratory for studying effects of aerosol particles on solar energy, and hence on climate. • For the average aerosol optical depth of ~0.5 in the 10 cases shown above, aerosols on average reduced the incident visible radiation (near midday) by the amount of energy it would take to power one 40 W light bulb for every square meter of ocean surface (0.5 x -80 W m-2 = -40 W m-2; see right frame above). J. Redemann, P. Pilewskie, P. Russell. NASA Ames & U. Colorado

  13. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 1 • Accomplishments: • Aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (DF/DAOT) under edge of advancing Asian/Siberian plume • Aerosol effects on MODIS-Terra cloud remote sensing • Tests of model aerosol, CO, & O3 predictions @ many locations • Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations • CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals • 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 6

  14. PRELIMINARY S. Howell et al., HiGEAR

  15. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 6 5

  16. Background on Radiative Flux Divergence & Closure, Absorption Spectra, etc. 2000 m Downwelling Flux: F Upwelling Flux: F Net Flux: F- F Flux Divergence (absorption): (F- F)2000m- (F- F)43m Fractional absorption: [(F- F)2000m- (F- F)43m]/ F2000m 43 m P. Russell, DOE-ASP Meeting, Annapolis, MD, 27 Feb 2008

  17. Aerosol Absorption Optical Depth (AAOD) Spectra from 5 Experiments AAE = 1.45 AAOD = K l-AAE 2.27 Absorption Optical Depth 1.05 Absorption Angstrom Exponent (AAE) 2.34 1.12 For Black Carbon, AAE = 1 Wavelength, nm Bergstrom et al., ACP, 2007 P. Russell, Earth Science Seminar, NASA Ames, 19 July 2007

  18. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 6 5

  19. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 6 5

  20. The first half of the flight encountered a well-mixed local pollution layer up to ~2 km GPS altitude and a long-range transport air mass above, both homogenous over >200 km. Julian Day UTC PRELIMINARY DATA from AATS & HiGEAR groups 220 km

  21. PRELIMINARY DATA from HiGEAR group Clarke, McNaughton, Howell, Freitag et al. AOD at 550 nm between 500 – 6250 m GPS alt : 0.201

  22. PRELIMINARY Data from AATS, AERONET, & HiGEAR groups: Redemann, Shinozuka, Livingston, Ramachandran et al. McArthur et al. Clarke, McNaughton, Howell, Freitag et al. Analysis by Yohei Shinozuka Missing layers at the top and bottom estimated by extrapolation, as illustrated in subsequent slides.

  23. RH, 0Z,7/8 at 1.5 km RH, 0Z,7/8 at 5.5 km RH, 0Z,7/8 at 8.5 km

  24. GEOS5 Forecast 20080707_06Z: July 7 P3 Flight Siberia biomass burning plume between 1-6 km + weak Asian anthropogenic pollution.

  25. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  26. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  27. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  28. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  29. AOD, 0Z,7/8

  30. P3 For July 7, 2007 Anthro lower

  31. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 6 5

  32. P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul AOD, 0Z,7/8 Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA(l) @ 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 6 5

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