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This introduction to geography focuses on the study of spatial patterns on Earth, both physical and cultural. It examines the significance of maps as essential tools for geographers, tracing the evolution of cartography from ancient Babylonian maps to the explorations of notable figures like Marco Polo and Lewis and Clark. Key topics include the definition of site versus situation, map projections, and the insights that historic maps provide about human and physical geography. Understanding these elements illuminates how geography shapes our view of the world.
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Introduction-Geographic Concepts/Maps Prof. Judy Okun
Geography? • The study of spatial patterns or spatial occurrences on Earth, both physical and cultural • The examination of where these patterns exist and why
From The Travels of Marco Polo… “When you leave the island of Java…, you sail north about one hundred and fifty miles, and then you come to two islands, one of which is called Nicobar. On this island they have no king or chief, but live like beasts. They…both men and women, do not use the slightest covering of any kind. They are idolaters. They decorate their houses with long pieces of silk, which they hang from rods as an ornament, regarding it as we would pearls, gems, silver, or gold. The woods are filled with valuable plants and trees, including cloves, brazil, and coconuts..”
Snorri, Karlsefni's son, was born the first autumn, and he was three winters old when they began their journey home. Now, when they sailed from Vinland, they had a southern wind, and reached Markland, and found five Skrælingar; one was a bearded man, two were women, two children. Karlsefni's people caught the children, but the others escaped and sunk down into the earth. And they took the children with them, and taught them their speech, and they were baptized. The children called their mother Vætilldi, and their father Uvægi. They said that kings ruled over the land of the Skrælingar, one of whom was called Avalldamon, and the other Valldidida. They said also that there were no houses, and the people lived in caves or holes. They said, moreover, that there was a land on the other side over against their land, and the people there were dressed in white garments, uttered loud cries, bare long poles, and wore fringes. This was supposed to be Hvitramannaland (whiteman's land). Then came they to Greenland, and remained with Eirik the Red during the winter.
