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PS injection at 2 GeV

The PSB-PS transfer upgrade aims to facilitate the transfer of all beams at 1.4 and 2 GeV. Key upgrades include a 30% increase in septum and kicker strength, with adjustments to accommodate LHC and HI beams. New optics matching will minimize emittance blow-up and improve luminosity. A new bumper septum design integrated in the vacuum will enhance field quality and reduce losses. Additionally, the injection line will see new quadrupoles to assist with optics flexibility, addressing issues in beam transmission identified in earlier tests.

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PS injection at 2 GeV

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  1. PS injection at 2 GeV W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, L. Sermeus, R. Steerenberg PS-LIU meeting, 27-Aug-2013

  2. Aim of the PSB-PS transfer upgrade • All beams to be transferred at 1.4 and 2 GeV (until LS2 also 1.0 GeV in BT and BTM/BTY for ISOLDE) • Septum and kicker strength increased by 30% (Bρ2GeV /Bρ1.4GeV) • Can relax PS injection kicker fall time for LHC beam but not for HI beam • LHC beam can be injected with existing kicker in short-circuit mode with longer fall time • HI beam injection at 2 GeV requires additional kicker in SS53 • Match optics at PS injection to reduce emittance blow-up due to dispersion mismatch • Vertical dispersion remains mismatched due to the vertical displacement of the four PSB rings (Dy < 0.5 m) • Horizontal dispersion is presently not matched; install one additional quadrupole in BTP line to match the line to the PS injection optics • Optimise optics for different beams • Requires ppm capability of HW (i.e. upgrade of BTP) 2 GeV PSB ejection and transfer to the PS

  3. PS injection upgrade • KFA45 • Can be used in short circuit mode to increase kick strength but at the expense of the rise/fall time • Additional kicker in SS53 needed to inject also HI beams at 2 GeV PS injection at 2 GeV

  4. KFA53 • As fast as KFA45 • Delay line type magnets, short circuited • Already bumper in SS53, 730 mm between flanges • Coated ceramic shielding plates • RG220 PFL with 40 kV, higher attenuation than SF6 cables (KFA45)  transmission cable length < 50 m • SF6 would allow to run with one generator in case of failure, not with RG220, market survey to be launched PS injection at 2 GeV

  5. Kicker parameters PS injection at 2 GeV

  6. Septum upgrade • SMH42 • Longer septum taking full SS42 • Bumper to be integrated in vacuum tank • Bumper upgrade to collapse bump in ~half the time to reduce continuous losses and to improve field quality because of eddy current effects for “bumper septum” Eddy current septa: injection septum as well as bumper septum PS injection at 2 GeV

  7. Septum and bumper parameters PS injection at 2 GeV

  8. HW upgrade cost PS injection at 2 GeV

  9. Optics solutions • Match horizontal dispersion to PS injection optics to reduce emittance blow-up • Improve luminosity for LHC beams • Reduce losses in PS for HI beams • Vertical dispersion unavoidably mismatched • Keep it low for all 4 PSB rings • Avoid aperture bottlenecks in the line to be able to fully deploy L4 intensities and above • Mainly relevant for the large emittance beams • Squeeze beams at PS injection • Only for HI large emittance beams • Reduce radiation, equipment aging and beam loss • Have to change PS optics at injection (MD this year) PS injection at 2 GeV

  10. LHC beams – horizontal LHC beam matched to nominal PS injection optics to avoid emittance growth No aperture bottlenecks in the line PS injection at 2 GeV

  11. LHC beams – vertical No aperture bottlenecks in the line PS injection at 2 GeV

  12. HI beams –horizontal HI beam matched to dedicated injection optics to reduce beam losses Aperture for beams to PS in line OK due to smaller beam size at 2 GeV Aperture for ISOLDE beam remains the same PS injection at 2 GeV

  13. HI beams - vertical Aperture in the line looks OK – beam size in injection septum to be checked in MD PS injection at 2 GeV

  14. Injection loss MD 2013 Wrong BTP model, tried to inject a horizontally too big beam: • These settings fit only 1.4 σ beam • 70% measured transmission correspond to 1.55 σ Emittance measured in PS: PS injection at 2 GeV

  15. Conclusion • Solution for injection of all beams at 2 GeV identified • Main changes for HW: • PS injection septum – new design with bumper in vacuum • PS injection kicker KFA53 – new HW • Optics • With additional quadrupole and new arrangement line optics can be matched to PS • Line has flexibility to adapt optics for different needs of LHC and HI beams • MDs required to see if loss improvement justifies new quadrupoles • MD in 2013 used settings from wrong MADX model • The difference in transmission between wrong and correct model corresponds to the measured losses and emittances • Another MD needed after the startup 2 GeV PSB ejection and transfer to the PS

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