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Diffusion

Diffusion. The process of dissemination, the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other areas. Barriers to diffusion. Physical barriers in nature: rivers, oceans, lakes, and mountain ranges. Cultural religious beliefs. language

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Diffusion

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  1. Diffusion The process of dissemination, the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other areas.

  2. Barriers to diffusion • Physical barriers in nature: • rivers, oceans, lakes, and mountain ranges. • Cultural • religious beliefs. • language • impedes the easy flow of ideas and fads from the United States and English-speaking Canada to French Canadians in Québec. • Political boundary can impede or slow down the dissemination of disease. • Economic factors • people in certain places cannot afford to purchase a new commodity or technological innovation.

  3. Types of Diffusion • Expansion Diffusion – idea or innovation spreads outward from the hearth • Contagious • Hierarchical • Stimulus • Relocation Diffusion- migrants bring an idea/innovation physically to a place

  4. Worldwide, there are 1.4 billion followers of Islam There are between 5 – 7 million Muslims in the United States Diffusion of Islam 630 – 1600 AD

  5. Hierarchical Diffusion- ideas/artifacts spread between larger places or social elite later to smaller places or less prominent people Fashion trends Cell phone use in the early 1990s

  6. Music and Clothing (hierarchical diffusion) • New clothing and music fads, for example,spread quickly among major world cities such as New York, Los Angeles,London, Paris, and Tokyo. • Only later do they filter down the urban hierarchy

  7. Starbucks.. They're everywhere

  8. All individuals and areas outward from the source region are affected Term implies direct contact Usually associated with disease Contagious Diffusion

  9. Distribution of West Nile Virus: Humans, Birds, & Mosquitos, 2001

  10. Diffusion of Africanized Bees after their arrival to Brazil, South America

  11. Relocation Diffusion • Spread of culture through physical movement • Language, religion, food preferences • Can show spotty spatial distribution

  12. Hmong Refugees from Laos

  13. Spanish and Portuguese Colonies

  14. Stimulus Diffusion (trans cultural) • Takes part of an idea to create an innovative product • Computer keyboards, Cherokee writing system, gang culture fashions, Siberian reindeer herding.

  15. Summary • Diffusion: the process of dissemination, the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other areas. • Relocation diffusion: The spread of idea by physical movement of people from one place to another. Ex: spread of language and culture from new migrants to America

  16. Summary • Expansion Diffusion: Spread of idea from one place to another by snowballing. This can happen in three ways. • Hierarchal Diffusion: Spread of an idea from people (nodes) of authority or power to other persons or places(Ex: hip-hop/rap music) • Contagious Diffusion: Rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population(Ex: ideas placed on the internet) • Stimulus diffusion: the spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse. (Ex: PC & Apple competition, p40) Characteristic throughout the population

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