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The Olympians

The Olympians. Cronus and Rhea. Cronus/Saturn ruled the Titans, the second generation of gods. He had overthrown his father Ouranos /Uranus He and his sister/wife , Rhea, were the parents of the Olympians. Cronus’s Plot & Fall. Won’t be overthrown Om nom nom ! Zeus’s secret birth

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The Olympians

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  1. The Olympians

  2. Cronus and Rhea • Cronus/Saturn ruled the Titans, the second generation of gods. • He had overthrown his father Ouranos/Uranus • He and his sister/wife, Rhea, were the parents of the Olympians.

  3. Cronus’s Plot & Fall • Won’t be overthrown • Om nom nom! • Zeus’s secret birth • Omphalos • Titanomachy

  4. Mt. Olympus • Home of the gods after the Titanomachy

  5. Zeus / Jupiter • King of the Gods • Mightier than all others put together • Ruler of the sky, rain and clouds • “bright shining light of heaven”

  6. Zeus cont’d Symbols: • Lightning, storms • Eagle • Bull • Oak tree Sacred site: Olympia Women: • Hera • Metis • Leto • Semele • Dozens of others

  7. Hera / Juno • Sister and wife of Zeus; Queen of the Gods • Goddess of marriage and married women • Jealous and vengeful • Had 4 Children with Zeus • Hephaestus, Ares, Hebe, Eileithyia • Symbols: peacock, cow • Sacred city: Argos • Messenger was Iris

  8. Poseidon / Neptune • God of the sea, horses, and earthquakes • Drew lots at a Council of the Gods • Symbols: trident, horse, dolphin • Wife was Amphitrite, son Triton

  9. Hades / Pluto • God of the underworld & wealth • Drew the short stick • Not a bad guy • The Underworld • 5 Rivers & 3 Judges • Cerberus & Charon • Elysian Fields • Tartarus • Fields of Mourning • Symbol: bident

  10. Demeter / Ceres • Goddess of corn, fruit, agriculture in general and a goddess of fertility. Usually on a chariot drawn by dragons. • Daughter with Zeus was Persephone, queen of the underworld • Kidnapping & search • Origin of the seasons

  11. Apollo & Artemis • Twin children of Zeus and Leto • Artemis: Goddess of the moon, forest, hunt, childbirth, children, woodland critters • Apollo: God of the sun, music/poetry, medicine, knowledge – all things Greeky • Artemis born on Ortygia, helps deliver Apollo on Delos

  12. Artemis / Diana • One of 3 virgin goddesses • Actaeon the hunter – wrong place, wrong time • Orion the hunter • Apollo’s plot to keep her a virgin • Symbols: bow and arrows, moon, woodland critters dead or alive

  13. Apollo / Apollo • Oracle at Delphi • Python • Pythia • Symbol: Lyre, bow • Niobe’s Pride

  14. Athena / Minerva • Goddess of wisdom, skill, defensive/strategic warfare • Daughter of Zeus and Metis • Popped out of Zeus’s head fully clothed and armored • Symbols: war helmet, the Aegis, owls, olive trees, snakes, and spears

  15. Athena vs. Poseidon • King Cecrops needed a patron god for his new city • Poseidon struck the ground to make a spring – salt water • Athena struck the ground and planted the first olive tree • The city chose her and named itself Athens

  16. Hermes / Mercury • Messenger and herald of the gods • God of thieves, travelers, crossing boundaries in general • Hermes Psychopompos • Son of Zeus and Maia • First-day mischief • Stole Apollo’s cattle • Invented lyre • Symbols: winged sandals, cap, caduceus

  17. Aphrodite / Venus • Goddess of love, beauty, and naughtiness • Born from sea-foamnear Cyprus • Symbols: doves, swans, seashells • Wife of Hephaestus • Judgment of Paris • Mother of Aeneas

  18. Ares / Mars • God of War – physical aspect of it • Son of Zeus and Hera • Very violent and had a horrible temper • Other gods and goddesses couldn’t stand him • Not too important to Greeks – very important to Romans • Symbols: vultures, weapons and shields

  19. Hephaestus / Vulcan • Son of Zeus and Hera • God of fire and the gods’ chief workman • He was lame and deformed so his parents were ashamed of him; cast from Olympus and landed on Lemnos • Forge under Mt. Aetna • Caught Aphrodite and Ares in a net

  20. Dionysus / Bacchus • Son of Zeus and Semele, a mortal • Hera makes her doubt the paternity • Zeus reveals himself; bacon sizzle • Dionysus saved • God of wine, partying, theater • Maenads/Bacchants • Symbols: grapes, thyrsus, vines, drinks

  21. Recap • 13 gods and 12 Olympians – sometimes Hades or Dionysus is excluded as an Olympian • Hades has his own place • Dionysus a late entry

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