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Reconstruction Challenges: The South's Struggle Post-Civil War

The post-Civil War era posed significant challenges for the American South, which was devastated economically and socially. With millions of newly freed slaves facing uncertain futures, the Freedmen’s Bureau emerged to provide essential assistance, focusing heavily on education. Sharecropping and tenant farming became prevalent as former slaves sought livelihoods, while the South grappled with anger over the war's outcome. Additionally, the emergence of organizations like the Ku Klux Klan and the involvement of carpetbaggers and scalawags complicated the landscape during this tumultuous period.

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Reconstruction Challenges: The South's Struggle Post-Civil War

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Reconstruction

  2. Problems • The South’s economy • was in ruins – everyone was poor. • What was the future for two million “freedmen?” • The South was angry over the outcome of the war.

  3. Essential Question • What major problems faced the American South during the post-Civil War period?

  4. The Freedmen’s Bureau • A bureau is like an agency that has a specific mission. • Provided basic needs (food, housing, clothing) for the newly freed slave. • Primary focus was education!

  5. Sharecropping and Tenant Farming • Tenant Farming: with slave labor no longer available, many plantation owners chose to rent out parcels of land to tenant farmers (people who were often former slaves). • Sharecropping: a variation on tenant farming in which farmers worked a parcel of land in exchange for a share of the crop, a cabin, seeds, tools, mules, etc.

  6. Reconstruction Era Amendments • 13th – abolished slavery in the United States • 14th – citizenship rights to freedmen • 15th – gave black males the right to vote

  7. Henry McNeal Turner • 32 black legislators were elected to the Georgia General Assembly in 1867. • The most prominent of these legislators was Henry McNeal Turner.

  8. Ku Klux Klan • Began in 1867 in Tennessee consisting mostly of Confederate veterans. • White supremacy/terrorist organization that intimated freed blacks and white Republicans.

  9. Carpetbaggers and Scalawags • Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came to the South to take advantageof the poor condition of the Southern economy • Scalawags: a white Southerner who disagreed with the white majority.

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