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Geant4: Advanced Simulation for Radiation Damage Studies in Medical Applications

Study radiation damage at cellular and DNA level in space environment and medical applications. Toolkit simulates particle passage through matter with advanced functionalities and extensibility. Geant4 features evaluated data libraries, quality assurance, low-energy electromagnetic physics, and user support. Ideal for brachytherapy, dosimetric studies, in vivo dosimetry, and interface with DICOM CT scans. Ongoing project with multidisciplinary collaboration.

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Geant4: Advanced Simulation for Radiation Damage Studies in Medical Applications

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  1. Budker Inst. of Physics IHEP Protvino MEPHI Moscow Pittsburg University

  2. MEDICAL APPLICATIONS S. Agostinelli1, S. Chauvie2,5, F. Foppiano1, S. Garelli1, F. Marchetto2, P. Nieminen3, M.G. Pia4, V. Rolando2, A. Solano2 1 Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Italy 2 Univ. of Torino and INFN Sezione di Torino, Italy 3 ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands 4 INFN Sezione di Genova, Italy and CERN, Switzerland 5 IRCC Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Italy

  3. http://www.ge.infn.it/geant4/dna/ Study of radiation damage at the cellular and DNA level in the space radiation environment (and other applications, not only in the space domain) -sponsored project, in collaboration with - DNA Multi-disciplinary Collaboration of • astrophysicists and space scientists • particle physicists • medical physicists • biologists • physicians

  4. Object Oriented Toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter The transparency of physics Advanced functionalities in geometry, physics, visualisation etc. Extensibility to satisfy new user requirements thanks to the OO technology Quality Assurance based on sound software engineering Geant4 provides various features relevant for medical applications Use of evaluated data libraries Subject to independent validation by a large user community worldwide User support organization by a large international Collaboration of experts Adopts standardswherever available (de jure or de facto)

  5. Low Energy Electromagnetic Physics http://www.ge.infn.it/geant4/lowE/ • down to250 eVfor electrons and g • based on the LLNL data libraries • shell effects LowEnergyElectromagnetic package extends the coverage of physics interactions • down to~ 1 keVfor hadrons and ions • Bethe-Block above 2 MeV • Ziegler and ICRU parameterisations • (with material dependence) • free electron gas model • quantal harmonic oscillator model • charge dependence (Barkas effect)

  6. Geant4 Low Energy Electromagnetic Physics Photon attenuation coefficient in water Ion ionisation

  7. Brachytherapy Brachytherapy is a medical therapy used for cancer treatments Radioactive sources are used to deposit therapeutic doses near tumors while preserving surrounding healthy tissues Geant4 allows a complete flexible description of the real geometry

  8. Anisotropy The dose deposition is not isotropic due to source geometry and auto-absorption, encapsulation and shielding effects Radioactive Decay Module is capable of handling the generation of the whole radioactive chain of the 192Ir source

  9. Isodose curves 1 million 1 mm3 voxels -Selectron 192Ir source The simulated source is placed in a 30 cm water box

  10. Dosimetric Studies Pixel Ionisation Chamber Relative dose with 6 MV photons beam Deposited energy vs Depth in water and experimental data

  11. Bragg Peak of Protons in Water Magic Cube Relative dose with 270 MeV protons beam in water Deposited energy vs Depth in water and experimental data

  12. In vivo TLD dosimetry Simulation of the energy deposition of low energy photons in TLD LiF100 nanodosimeters Used to calculate dose to patient in radiodiagnostic examinations: mammography virtual colonscopy CT image interface Interface between Geant4 and DICOM CT scan images format in order to perform in tissue simulation Work in progress • Work in progress

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