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Obesity ＆ Fitness

Obesity ＆ Fitness. Speaker: 曾意烜 指導老師：陳彥文. Outline. 10 Facts of Obesity Presence Of Risk Factors For Obesity High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss Moderate-Intensity Exercise and Fat Loss The type of Movement Parameters References. 10 Facts of Obesity.

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Obesity ＆ Fitness

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  1. Obesity ＆ Fitness Speaker:曾意烜 指導老師：陳彥文

  2. Outline • 10 Facts of Obesity • Presence Of Risk Factors For Obesity • High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss • Moderate-Intensity Exercise and Fat Loss • The type of Movement • Parameters • References

  3. 10 Facts of Obesity

  4. WHO對「過重和肥胖」的定義是：身體脂肪異常或過量的累積造成健康的損害。WHO對「過重和肥胖」的定義是：身體脂肪異常或過量的累積造成健康的損害。 • 目前全球約有10億名成人過重，若再不採取預防肥胖的行動，預測到2015年將有超過15億成人過重。 • 全球約有4,200萬5歲以下兒童過重。 • 全球因過重和肥胖導致死亡的人數高於體重過輕造成的死亡人數。 • 肥胖往往是因為攝取的熱量與消耗的熱量不平衡。

  5. 環境和社區的支持，對於預防肥胖十分重要。 • 兒童選擇的飲食習慣和運動習慣，均受其周圍環境影響。 • 健康的飲食有助於預防肥胖。 • 規律運動有助於維持身體健康。 • 要遏制全球流行的肥胖問題，必需以各民族為基礎，進行與其文化有關的，多知識和跨領域的合作。

  6. Presence Of Risk Factors For Obesity

  7. This discrepancy may be associated with changes in hormone levels that occur with menopause. • Additionally, young females perform much of the housing work in China, but perform less physical activity in old age.

  8. Our binary logistic regression results show that obesity was significantly associated with high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, high triglycerides, a fatty liver, living in urban setting, and a high level of education. • It contributes to steatosis and high lipids and cholesterol in the blood, leading to atherosclerosis, the narrowing of blood vessels due to deposition of fatty materials in coronary arteries.

  9. Obesity increases the risk of diabetes because it increases insulin resistance, which leads to glucose intolerance. • Thus, obesity is associated with CVD risk factors, making it a significant emerging health problem.

  10. High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss

  11. Research examining the effects of HIIE has produced preliminary evidence to suggest that HIIE can result in modest reductions in subcutaneous and abdominal body fat in young normal weight and slightly overweight males and females.

  12. The length of both the sprint and recovery periods has varied from 6 s to 4min. Most commonly the sprints are performed on a stationary cycle ergometer at an intensity in excess of 90% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).

  13. The most utilized protocol in past research has been the Wingate test which consists of 30 s of all out sprint with a hard resistance [13]. • This protocol amounts to 3 to 4 min of cycle exercise per session with each session being typically performed 3 times a week. • This protocol, although remarkably short in duration, is extremely hard and subjects have to tolerate significant discomfiture.

  14. Thus, the Wingate protocol is likely to be unsuitable for most overweight, sedentary individuals interested in losing fat. • That insulin resistance has recently been shown to primarily be located in leg muscle [62] suggests that HIIE exercise that focuses on the legs is likely to show the greatest insulin sensitivity increases.

  15. In conclusion, regular HIIE produces significant increases in aerobic and anaerobic fitness and brings about significant skeletal muscle adaptations that are oxidative and glycolytic in nature. • HIIE appears to have a dramatic acute and chronic effect on insulin sensitivity.

  16. Moderate-Intensity Exercise and Fat Loss

  17. PA may play a role in the primary prevention of weight gain,and the US Dietary Guidelines for Americans (4) recommends60 min of moderate-intensity PA for the prevention of weightgain. • More recent literature reviews conclude that PA rangingfrom ~150–250 min/week results in weight loss of <3 percentof initial body weight (3,5).

  18. Two recent comprehensive reviews of the literature have reported that PA interventions result in a modest decrease in body weight. • The current study demonstrated that a prescribed dose of 150 min/week or 300 min/week of PA resulted in <2% weight loss in overweight adults.

  19. Weight gain was also accompanied by an increase in abdominal adiposity, which has been shown to increase risk of chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes (24). • In summary, the mean change in body weight resulting from an intervention that promotes 150–300 min/week of moderate- intensity PA with no reduction in energy intake is <2.0 kg.

  20. Exercise training studies with overweight and obese youth have shown that they can reduce their body fatness by participating in physical activity that is at least moderate intensity on 3 to 5 days a week, for 30 to 60 minutes each time.

  21. Parameters

  22. Intensity was prescribed as moderate to vigorous, which was defined as 55–85% of age-predicted maximal heart rate or 11–15 on the 15-point rating of perceived exertion scale.

  23. The type of movement

  24. References • http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/en/ • Hindawi Publishing Corporation；Journal of Obesity；Volume 2011, Article ID 868305, 10 pages • DIAB-4956; No. of Pages 6 • VOLUME 19 NUMBER 1 | january 2011（www.obesityjournal.org ） • 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Chapter 2. Physical Activity Has Many Health Benefits 12 Chapter 3. Active Children and Adolescents 18 Chapter 4. Active Adults23

  25. THE END

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