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This document provides a comprehensive overview of the Environmental Control System (ECS) in aviation, detailing the operation of pneumatic systems, defogging mechanisms, and air inflow strategies for optimal aircraft performance. Key components such as solenoid valves, safety valves, and the interaction of humidity and temperature controls are explained. The ECS operates effectively within specific pressures and altitudes, ensuring best cooling practices. Understanding these systems is essential for maintaining cockpit environment and enhancing pilot safety.
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T-6 ECS System Overview
ECS you have already Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV X High X Pneumatic System SOV BLFC & SOV INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Heating System Ejector B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
NEW ECS Drawing Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX
WHY CAN’T THE DEFOG TEMP BE SHUT OFF OR THE TEMP REDUCED WITH THE TEMP CONTROL VALVE?
ECS Rt Side P3 Open DEFOG (740 ITT max) BLFCBPV or Bleed Air Solenoid Valve X High X Pneumatic System SOV or Anti-G SOV BLFC & SOV or Inflow Control Valve INFLOW SWITCH Open AC <7500’ Best cooling w/ Inflow & Ram Air OFF X WOW X X C H HE BPV or Motor Driven Butterfly Valve Fresh Air Valve RAM AIR FLOW SWITCH Water Sep EFSH 7 psi Ejector Heating System Ejector Inflow from front cockpit B’fly V Foot/Defog DUCT TEMP Canopy Seal Ejector outlet tubing G-Suit 31,000’ -- 16,600’ 19,000’ 3.6 + 0.1 18,069 -- 8,000’ | | 8,000’ -- 8,000’ 7,500’ -- AC Declutches Ram Air Stops CKPT ALT G-Suit Evap Blower Px Ctrl Valve 3.6 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 Reg Safety Valve 4.0 psi CKPT PX