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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Chapter 9: Principles of Energy Harvesting. Objectives. Describe energy flow through the biosphere Understand and explain redox reactions Understand the role of NADH Understand how an electron transport chain operates. Energy Principles.

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration Chapter 9: Principles of Energy Harvesting

  2. Objectives • Describe energy flow through the biosphere • Understand and explain redox reactions • Understand the role of NADH • Understand how an electron transport chain operates

  3. Energy Principles • Energy of organic molecules is stored in their arrangement of atoms • Energy is released through catabolic processes e.g. fermentation, cellular respiration • ATP releases energy (phosphorylation) then is recycled • The anabolic and catabolic pathways of ATP are the result of oxidative and reduction chemical processes

  4. Oxidation reactions result in a loss of electrons Oxidation may also occur through the addition of oxygen (more electronegative) to a molecule Reduction reactions result in a gain of electrons Reduction may also occur through the addition of hydrogen to a molecule Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsoil rig Electron orbital position is the key: when electrons move to closer orbitals they lose potential energy, -G

  5. Oxidation-Reduction Reactionsoil rig

  6. Cellular Respiration is a Redox Reaction • Method of energy release is gradual and methodic • increases efficiency • enzyme catalyzed • Hydrogen atoms removed from foods as they are oxidized are added to NAD+ resulting in reduction to NADH & H + This process is assisted by enzymes generically referred to as Dehydrogenases

  7. Energy stored in NADH is released through an Electron Transport Chain • Electron Transport Chain mechanisms stepwise enable electrons to move to lower orbitals before being accepted by oxygen, resulting in a gradual release of energy • Each progressive carrier is more electronegative than its predecessor

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