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Universal laws and architectures: Theory and lessons from nets, grids, brains, bugs,

Universal laws and architectures: Theory and lessons from nets, grids, brains, bugs, planes, docs, fire, fashion, art, turbulence, music, buildings, cities, earthquakes, bodies, running, throwing, S y n e s t h e s i a , spacecraft, statistical mechanics. fragile. slow. waste.

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Universal laws and architectures: Theory and lessons from nets, grids, brains, bugs,

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  1. Universal laws and architectures: Theory and lessons fromnets, grids, brains, bugs, planes, docs, fire, fashion, art, turbulence, music, buildings, cities, earthquakes, bodies, running, throwing, Synesthesia, spacecraft, statistical mechanics fragile slow waste inflexible

  2. Understand this more deeply? Mechanics+ Gravity + Light + Control theory error error eye vision C + Neuroscience + delay noise noise P Control Act

  3. Understand this more deeply? error eye vision + Neuroscience delay Motion noise Vision Control Act

  4. Robust vision w/motion • Object motion • Self motion noise eye error vision Motion delay Vision Control Act

  5. Layering Feedback Explain this amazing system. Slow Vision Fast Flexible Inflexible

  6. Robust vision with • Hand motion • Head motion • Experiment • Motion/vision control without blurring • Which is easier and faster?

  7. Why? • Mechanism • Tradeoff Slow vision VOR Fast Cerebellum

  8. Mechanism Vestibular Ocular Reflex (VOR) vision Slow Tradeoff VOR Fast Flexible Inflexible

  9. vision slow eye Act delay Slow vision Fast Inflexible Flexible

  10. vision fast eye slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  11. fast eye Act Vestibular Ocular Reflex (VOR) Slow VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  12. It works in the dark or with your eyes closed, but you can’t tell. fast eye Act Slow VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  13. vision fast eye slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  14. vision Layering Feedback slow Act Highly evolved (hidden) architecture eye delay Slow vision Illusion VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  15. vision Layering Partially Conscious Act eye Automatic Unconscious VOR Cerebellum

  16. vision Layering Feedback fast slow Act eye delay VOR

  17. Architecture layered/ distributed vision fast slow Act eye delay Slow vision Illusion VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  18. Architecture layered/ distributed vision fast slow Act eye delay Slow vision Robust or fine-tuned? Both Modular or plastic? Both Illusion VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  19. Error Cortex Object motion vision + fast slow eye Act Head motion delay VOR Very rough cartoon

  20. Error Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion fast slow eye Act delay gain VOR AOS Tune gain Error Cerebellum AOS = Accessory Optical system Slightly better

  21. Error Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion slow Needs “feedback” tuning eye Act delay gain VOR AOS This fast “forward” path Tune gain Error Via AOS and cerebellum (not cortex) Cerebellum AOS = Accessory Optical system Slightly better

  22. noise Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion fast slow eye Highly evolved (hidden) architecture Act delay AOS gain VOR Error Tune gain Cerebellum Act AOS = Accessory Optical system

  23. noise Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion fast slow eye Act delay AOS gain VOR Error Tune gain Cerebellum slowest Act AOS = Accessory Optical system

  24. noise Cortex Object motion vision + Distributed control Head motion fast slow eye Act delay AOS gain VOR Error Tune gain Cerebellum slowest Delays everywhere Act AOS = Accessory Optical system

  25. noise Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion fast slow eye Act delay AOS gain VOR Error Tune gain Cerebellum slowest Heterogeneous delays everywhere Act

  26. Color? 3D + motion vision eye fast slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast See Marge Livingstone Inflexible Flexible

  27. Slowest color vision 3D + motion vision eye fast slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast See Marge Livingstone Inflexible Flexible

  28. Stare at the intersection

  29. Stare at the intersection.

  30. Stare at the intersection.

  31. Slowest color vision 3D + motion vision eye fast slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  32. Seeing is dreaming • is simulation • requiring “internal model” color vision Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  33. Ligand Motion Motor CheY Signal Transduction Biased random walk gradient

  34. motor ligand binding FAST +ATT -ATT flagellar motor R +CH 3 SLOW MCPs MCPs CW W W P P -CH 3 A A ~ ~ B Y ~ P Z ATP ADP ATP P P B Y i i Bacterial chemotaxis • Internal model necessary for robust chemotaxis • Reality is 3d, but… • Internal model virtual and 1d

  35. Layering Distributed Feedback color vision Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  36. Universal laws and architectures (Turing) Architecture (constraints that deconstrain) Slow Architecture Impossible (law) Fast ideal Inflexible Flexible Special General

  37. Computation (on and off-line) Slow Decidable Npspace=Pspace NP(time) P(time) Fast analytic Inflexible Flexible Special General

  38. Compute Research progress Decidable Slow Pspace NP From toys to “real” systems P Fast analytic Insight Inflexible Flexible Control, OR

  39. Compute Research progress Improved algorithms Decidable Slow Pspace NP P Fast analytic Insight Inflexible Flexible Control, OR

  40. Layering Distributed Feedback color vision Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  41. Error Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion slow Needs “feedback” tuning eye Act delay gain VOR AOS This fast “forward” path Tune gain Error Via AOS and cerebellum (not cortex) Cerebellum AOS = Accessory Optical system Slightly better

  42. noise Cortex Object motion vision + Head motion fast slow eye Act delay AOS gain VOR Error Tune gain Cerebellum Act AOS = Accessory Optical system

  43. Scale with dimension? Uncertainty everywhere • Real (NP hard) • Complex = LTI (??) • Operator valued or Noncomm (P)   

  44. vision Layering Distributed Feedback slow Act Highly evolved (hidden) architecture eye delay Slow vision Illusion VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  45. noise error vision eye delay delay  .3s Control Act

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