Presentation Transcript

1. Cold War

   Terms & Questions
2. Cold War It was an economical & political conflict between the Soviet Union & the United States. Because both countries had nuclear weapons they never faced each other on the battlefield but used smaller countries as pawns in their conflict.
3. Yalta Agreement Meeting between U.S. Great Britain & Soviet Union to discuss postwar Europe. RESULTS U.S. & G.B. fear Soviet/communist expansion Soviets agree to enter war against Japan Divide Germany into 4 parts Soviets would hold free elections Discussed creation of U.N.
4. United Nations International organization that was made up of 50 countries. It was created to settle international disputes & prevent future wars.
5. Iron Curtain Imaginary line That: • Divided Europe in half. • The Eastern side was communist. • Western side was democratic.
6. Truman Doctrine • An attempt by the U.S. to stop the spread of communism through military and nonmilitary means. • Truman Doctrine promises to send aid to people/countries struggling to protect democracy (First used to help Turks & Greece)
7. Marshall Plan The U.S. offered $13 billion dollars to aid Western & Southern Europe (democratic) after WWII. This was used to help rebuild after the destruction of the war.
8. How was Germany & its capital city Berlin, divided after WWII? Both were divided into four sections each controlled by a Allied Power. U.S. G.B. & France combine their sections and create Western Germany & West Berlin (democracy). Soviet union Creates Eastern Germany & East Berlin (communism).
9. Berlin Blockade/Airlift Blockade by Soviets that cut off road access to West Berlin. Soviets hoped the U.S. & G.B. would abandon West Berlin & the Soviets could take it over. G.B. & U.S. fly in supplies to help the city & its people Lasted 10 months but was successful
10. North Atlantic Treaty Organization The U.S., Canada & 10 Western European democratic countries formed an alliance.
11. Warsaw Pact the Soviet Union (Russia) & Eastern European communist countries formed an alliance.
12. Mao Zedong Leader of China who brought communism to the country in 1949.
13. House Un-American Activities Committee Group that held hearings on alleged, or suspected communist influence in the entertainment industry. People suspected of communist ties were blacklisted in Hollywood. (not allowed to work)
14. Julius & Ethel Rosenberg Couple who were accused of passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union. They were arrested, tried, convicted, and executed for this crime.
15. Joseph McCarthy & McCarthyism • He was a Senator from Wisconsin who used people’s fear of communism to gain popularity; he unfairly accused members of the government, army & entertainment business of being communists.
16. How did America’s economy change after WWII? • There was an initial postwar inflation quickly followed by a booming economy. • This happened b/c people had jobs, money & goods to buy.
17. Fair Deal • An extension of FDR’s New Deal, which called for new projects to create jobs, build public housing, and end racial discrimination in hiring.
18. Describe steps taken by the U.S. during the Korean War 38th parallel divides North (communist)& South Korea(democratic) after WWII North Korea (supported by Soviets) invade S. Korea U.S. persuades United Nations to send troops to Korea (mostly U.S.) General MacArthur commands the troops in Korea U.S. push N. Koreans back past 38th parallel U.S invades N. Korea up to Chinese border China enters conflict & pushes U.S./U.N. forces south of 38th parallel MacArthur gets fired for criticizing the President New divider between N & S Korea is very close to original 38thparallel
19. Arms Race A competition between U.S. and Soviet Union to build the biggest and best weapons the fastest - to keep up with each other and or surpass each other
20. Nikita Khrushchev Leader of Soviet Union during the early Cold War
21. Geneva Summit A policy between the U.S. & Soviets to peacefully coexist. The two superpowers would compete with one another but not go to war against one another.
22. Describe/explain four changes that occurred in American lifestyle during the 1950’s Economy boomed/higher wages Bought more consumer goods Television was born Baby boom/high birth rate Rock and roll music Move to the suburbs Fads- hula hoop, crew cuts, poodle skirts, pizza
23. Describe/explain four problems American society faced during the 1950’s 20% of Americans lived in poverty Small farmers suffered “flight” to suburbs left poverty in the cities Urban ghettos emerged Racism & discrimination a plenty Fear of communism & nuclear war