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Reconstruction Era

Reconstruction Era. Chapter 8, Section 1. War’s End and Impact. On April 14 th , 1865 President Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth. Andrew Johnson became president. Effects of the war: U.S. is a global economic power

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Reconstruction Era

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  1. Reconstruction Era Chapter 8, Section 1

  2. War’s End and Impact • On April 14th, 1865 President Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth. • Andrew Johnson became president. • Effects of the war: • U.S. is a global economic power • Increased migration of African Americans to North and West • Reaffirming of federal power

  3. Plans for Reconstruction • Reconstruction refers to the era (1865-1877) in which the government sought to address the issue of returning states to the Union, addressing the South’s economy, and what to do about former slaves’ rights. • Three distinct plans emerged to answer these questions, by three very distinct groups. • Lincoln’s Plan– 10% Plan • Johnson’s Plan • Radical Republicans’ Plan– Wade Davis Bill

  4. Plans for Reconstruction • Lincoln’s Plan • Sympathetic towards Southerners easy to rejoin after the war. • Radical Republicans’ Plan • Saw secession and slavery as crimes that require punishment • Promote African American equality • Johnson’s Plan • Bring the states back in as quickly as possible • Supported states’ rights– dislikes wealthy plantation owners

  5. Same Old, Same old • Many southern states quickly met Johnson’s requirements to rejoin the Union. • Since Johnson did not support African American equality, most Southerners wanted to pass laws to restrict their freedoms after the Civil War. • Black codes laws that sought to limit rights of African Americans and keep them landless workers. • However, the Radical Republicans were dominant in Congress, bringing about many changes to the South.

  6. Congressional Reconstruction • Congress passed measures to increase support for African Americans during Reconstruction. • Freedman’s Bureau goal was to provide food, clothing, healthcare and education for both black and white refugees in the South. • Civil Rights Act of 1866 response to the black codes; federal guarantees of civil rights, superseding state laws.

  7. Reconstruction Legislation- Amendments • Reconstruction amendments: • 13th abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude • 14th guarantees African Americans citizenship; prohibits states from passing laws to take away citizens’ rights. • 15th no citizen can be denied the right to vote because of “race, color, or previous servitude.”

  8. Reconstruction Legislation- Other laws • Additional legislation: • Reconstruction Act of 1867 divided the Southern states not yet readmitted to the Union into 5 military districts. • Each was governed by a Union general. • States had to write a new Constitution that granted suffrage to African Americans and ratify the 14th amendment. • Enforcement Act made voter intimidation a crime.

  9. Attempt to Impeach Johnson • Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans shared very different views on Reconstruction. • Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act to limit the President’s power. • When Johnson attempted to fire Edwin Stanton, Secretary of War, Congress voted to impeach (accuse of wrongdoing) Johnson.

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