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The Urinary System

The Urinary System. Chapter 9. dia-. Meaning: through between apart complete. Cyst/o, Vesic/o. cyst sac of fluid Meaning urinary bladder Primary function is to store urine until it is excreted. Nephr/o. Meaning kidney Primary functions are to filter the blood

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The Urinary System

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  1. The Urinary System Chapter 9

  2. dia- Meaning: • through • between • apart • complete

  3. Cyst/o, Vesic/o • cyst • sac of fluid • Meaning urinary bladder • Primary function is to store urine until it is excreted

  4. Nephr/o • Meaning kidney • Primary functions are • to filter the blood • to remove waste products • maintain electrolyte concentrations • and remove excess water to maintain the fluid volume in the body • Located retroperitoneally with one on each side of the vertebral column below the diaphragm

  5. Nephr/o • Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys. They form urine by the processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

  6. glomerul/o • Meaning glomerulus • Found in each nephron • A cluster of capillaries surrounded by a membrane called the Bowman’s capsule (plural, glomeruli)

  7. lith/o • Meaning stone • -lithiasis • Presence of stones • Calculus • Abnormal mineral deposit • Vary in size from small sand like granules up to the size of marbles • Named for the organ or tissue where they are located • Nephrolithiasis • Kidney stones

  8. -pexy • Meaning surgical fixation • Nephropexy • Surgical fixation of a floating kidney

  9. pyel/o • Meaning renal pelvis • Bowl of kidney • Major structure-Renal Pelvis • Primary function is to collect urine produced by the kidneys.

  10. ren/o • Meaning kidney

  11. -tripsy • Meaning to crush • Lithotripsy • The destruction of a kidney stone with the use of ultrasonic waves traveling through water • Also known as extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy or ESWL (extracorporeal means situated or occurring outside the body)

  12. ureter/o • Meaning ureter • Major structures-Ureters • Primary function • Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

  13. urethr/o • Meaning urethra • Major structures-Urethra • Primary function • Transports urine from the bladder through the urethral meatus where it is excreted from the body.

  14. -uria, Urin/o • Meaning urination, voiding, or micturition • Urea • Major waste product of protein metabolism • Urine • Liquid waste products and urea to be excreted • Urochrome • The pigment that gives urine its normal yellow-amber or straw color. • Color can be influenced by normal factors such as the amount of liquid consumed or by diseases and medications.

  15. homeostasis • A state of equilibrium that produces a constant internal environment throughout the body • Home/o • sameness • -stasis • control

  16. -cele • Meaning hernia • tumor • Swelling • Cystocele • Hernia or the bladder through the vaginal wall

  17. -ectasis • Refers to stretching • dilation • enlargement of • Ureterectasis • Distention of a ureter

  18. -lysis • Meaning breakdown • separation • setting free • destruction • Loosening • Nephrolysis • The freeing of a kidney from adhesions (Adhesions are a band of fibers that hold structures together abnormally)

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