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SPRITUALITY AND MEDICINE

SPRITUALITY AND MEDICINE. Manoj Jain M.D. M.P.H. Goals. Exploring Spirituality through science. Is religion healthy? If so - what mechanisms make religion healthy? Evolving model Our prayer study - Research. Resurgence of Spirituality in Medicine. Surveys

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SPRITUALITY AND MEDICINE

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  1. SPRITUALITY AND MEDICINE Manoj Jain M.D. M.P.H.

  2. Goals • Exploring Spirituality through science. • Is religion healthy? • If so - what mechanisms make religion healthy? • Evolving model • Our prayer study - Research

  3. Resurgence of Spirituality in Medicine • Surveys • 1993 and 1998 Eisenberg study on Alternative Medicine • Medical School Curriculum • Research by Benson, Koenig, Larson, Matthews

  4. Survey Results • 95% of Americans believe in God • 76% pray regularly • In 1990 25% used self-prayer for healing • In 1997 35% used self prayer (JAMA 98)

  5. Spirituality vs. Religiosity • Spirituality is: Core of our belief- often individual • Religiosity is: broader, institutional, ritualistic • Spirituality more compatible with science

  6. What evidence is there that Spirituality/Religiosity leads to good health? • Survival- 91,909 men attending church • Netherlands -SDA men 9 yrs. increase • Psychiatric illness • YET NO GOOD RCT--biased by behavior

  7. What evidence is there that Spirituality/Religiosity leads to good health? • 3968 California residents age 64-101 years old 6 year follow up- • 46% lower mortality rate if church going • After after correcting for behavior mortality rate 28% lower

  8. Clinical Scenario • 1.Child falls “kiss the boo- boo” • 2.Patient with Shortness of Breath • 3.Patients with breast cancer go to social group • 4. Patients in CCU were prayed for

  9. If religion is healthy then what is the mechanism? • Placebo effect • Psychological support • Social support • Religious practices i.e. dietary • Vibrational -- “devine” -- intercessory prayer

  10. Placebo effect • Belief in Medicine • Belief in Doctor • Belied in Relationship • 30 percent effective (JAMA 1965)

  11. Psychological/Social support • Clergy - priest • Forgiveness/Confession • Sunday Church visits • Church Socials

  12. Relaxation Response • Prayer • Meditation • Chanting - repetition • Silence

  13. Behavior modification • Less smoking, drinking or high risk activities • Better diet - Seventh Day Adventists

  14. Vibrational or Devine intervention • ? By science • NTTE • Non-Tactile Transfer of Energy

  15. Medical Perspective -50 yrs.ago Basic Needs: Food -Shelter

  16. Medical Model - 20 yrs. ago Basic Needs Placebo effect Stress response Relaxation response Psychological Needs Social Support Needs

  17. New Developing Medical Model Basic Needs Psychological Needs Social Needs Prayer- Intercessory prayer Spiritual Needs

  18. Study on intercessory prayer:San Francisco - Byrd Study1988 Study Design: Randomized control CCU patients Sample: n=393, prayed group n=192, control group n=201 Results: CHF 8 vs. 20 p<.03 pneumonia 3 vs. 13 ... Conclusion: Pts. receiving prayer had favorable outcome

  19. Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Prayer --1998-2001 Study Design: Randomized control CABG patients-multicenter Intervention: Intercessory prayer - knowledge if being prayed for Sample: n=2000 Three groups: Prayed for + certain if being prayed for Prayed for + uncertain if being prayed for Not prayed for + uncertain if being prayed for Outcomes: Complications - mortality -LOS

  20. What kind of business are doctors in? • Healers or • Drug Dealers

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