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The Twenties

In-Class DBQ – 03.03 – 03.04.15. The Twenties. Question. The 1920s were a period of tension between new and changing attitudes on the one hand and traditional values and nostalgia on the other. What led to the tension between old and new AND in what ways was the tension manifested?.

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The Twenties

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  1. In-Class DBQ – 03.03 – 03.04.15 The Twenties

  2. Question The 1920s were a period of tension between new and changing attitudes on the one hand and traditional values and nostalgia on the other. What led to the tension between old and new AND in what ways was the tension manifested?

  3. Remember your formatting • INTRO – thesis statement; mentioning your three subtopics • BODY PARAGRAPHS – 3 of them • 1) RR Land Grants • 2) Control of Interstate Commerce • 3) Anti-Trust Activities • CONCLUSION – restate your main ideas; wrap up the essay

  4. Document A • Sinclair Lewis; Babbitt; 1922 • He is talking about the average American male • He lists, essentially, the OLD – things that used to influence him – priests, senators, community leaders, Washington • Then he talks about what influences men NOW – advertised wares, new appliances • Advertising is the cause of this tension • It manifests itself through mass-produced items • O.I here – Henry Ford; the assembly line; automobiles

  5. Document B • “The Bridge” by Joseph Stella; 1922 • This is a picture of a suspension bridge • This describes what’s new in the 20s – cities, urbanization, steel construction • America is becoming more interconnected and the American vertical city is on the rise • Cities are growing – the new • Rural areas declining – the old

  6. Document C • The Tennessee Evolution Case - 1925 • William Jennings Bryan – prosecutor • Clarence Darrow – defense for John Scopes, who was put on trial for teaching evolution • In his arguments Darrow is essentially putting the Bible on trial • The 20s was a decade of questioning authority and the status quo • Tension here – Christian / religious America vs. new age America & separation of Church and State • It’s manifesting in legal court cases and battles

  7. Document D • Hiram Wesley Evans – “The Klan’s Fight for Americanism” - 1926 • The KKK – white supremacist group against minorities and immigration • He mentions the “old pioneer stock” – AKA the white Europeans that first came here • He is protesting immigration • The old – White America • The new – The American Melting Pot • O.I. – Immigration Quota Acts of 1921 and 1924; the Nativist Movement • Manifestation – Formation of anti-immigration and nativist groups; racial tensions

  8. Document E • Langston Hughes – “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain” – 1926 • Hughes is equating the life of black people in the U.S. with Jazz. • Using symbolism and imagery, he is trying to encourage his people to embrace who they are, and not want to be white. • Black is beautiful • The OLD – privileged white America • The NEW – The American Melting Pot / African-American expression and freedom • Manifestation – racial tension; population shifts • O.I. – The Harlem Renaissance, the Great Migration

  9. Document F • Mary B. Mullett – “The Biggest Thing That Lindbergh Has Done” – 1927 • Not focusing on Lindbergh’s feat of flying the Atlantic, Mullett is celebrating Lindbergh’s integrity and character. • This is tension – morality vs. immorality in a celebrity culture • The New – celebrity culture – celebrities are normally celebrated for what they do not who they are • The Old – a focus and a desire for prominent men and women have a moral compass and good character

  10. Document G • “Women Smokers” – The New York Times - 1928 • The Women’s Christian Temperance Union is on the soapbox about cigarettes • They are calling for educating people about the harmful effects of smoking • We can see two tensions here: • The old – Ignorance about substance abuse • The new – awareness about substance abuse • The old – Christian values – abstinence and moderation • The new – living it up; partying; drinking and smoking

  11. Document H • Marriage and Divorce – 1890-1930 • Marriages begin to decline during the decade of the 20s • Divorces are on the rise • The old – monogamy; marriage; religious values • The new – promiscuity • This tension manifests itself through a rise in divorce and a decline in marriage

  12. Document I • Morrow Mayo – “Aimee Rises from the Sea” – 1929 • The 20s has brought about an explosion in secular culture • No more hymns – it’s JAZZ • No more sad songs or fiery condemning sermons – the 20s is about FEELING GOOD. • Heaven is a cross between Pasadena, CA and Washington, D.C. – meaning in the 20s, Heaven is on earth, not someplace we should look forward to.

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