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Compounds

Compounds. Ionic Compounds. made by combination of metal and nonmetal metal loses electrons – forms cation nonmetal gains electrons – forms anion consider Na and S Na + and S 2- ions formed pack together to make compound Na 2 S. Ionic Compounds. can contain polyatomic ions

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Compounds

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  1. Compounds

  2. Ionic Compounds • made by combination of metal and nonmetal • metal loses electrons – forms cation • nonmetal gains electrons – forms anion • consider Na and S • Na+ and S2- ions formed • pack together to make compound Na2S

  3. Ionic Compounds • can contain polyatomic ions • like (NH4)+ • consider (NH4) + and S2- ions formed • pack together to make compound (NH4)2 S +

  4. NaCl Crystal Lattice

  5. Properties of Ionic Compounds • high melting point • hard but brittle • cleave with flat edges • when dissolve in water, dissolves as ions • Conductors when melted or dissolved in water

  6. Covalent (Molecular) Compounds • made by combination of nonmetals only • made by “sharing” electrons • make molecules…fundamental particle of compound

  7. Example of a Molecule - Water

  8. If have water, have water molecules

  9. are electrons shared equally? Pure and Polar Covalent Bonds H – H and F - F pure covalent bond H - Cl polar covalent bond

  10. Electronegativity: A Measure of Polarity

  11. Electronegativity and Bonds • Using electronegativities, arrange the following bonds in order of increasing polarity and identify the shift of the electrons: C – N, O – H, and H – Cl.

  12. Electronegativity and Bonds • Without using the numbers in the electronegativity scale, determine which would be more ionic LiF or BF3?

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