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HAND INFECTIONS

HAND INFECTIONS. Hand infections can result significant morbidity if not appropriately diagnosed and treated. The hand can easily injured during day to day activities which may introduce damaging pathogens in to tissues.

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HAND INFECTIONS

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  1. HAND INFECTIONS

  2. Hand infections can result significant morbidity if not appropriately diagnosed and treated. • The hand can easily injured during day to day activities which may introduce damaging pathogens in to tissues. • Hand’s compartmentalized anatomy may contribute to result severe complications of infections.

  3. COMMONLY FOUND HAND INFECTIONS • Paronychia • Pulp space infections(Felon) • Herpetic whitlow • Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis • Infections from bite wounds • Atypical mycobacterium infections

  4. ACUTE PARONYCHIA • Commonest hand infection • Commonly due to inappropriate nail trimming or skin picking around nail folds • Redness, swelling, pain and later pus besides the nail • Commonly caused by styphylococcus and streptococcus • If pus present need drainage with or without excision of outer quarter of the nail

  5. CHRONIC PARONYCHIA • Usually caused by fungi • Commonly seen in patients whose hands are frequently immersed • Management range from use of antifungal creams to nail fold surgery

  6. PULP SPACE INFECTION(FELON)

  7. PULP SPACE INFECTION(FELON) • Anatomy of pulp space • Felon is an abscess of the distal pulp of the finger tip • Common cause is minor puncture wounds • Complications severe pain, tissue necrosis, osteomyelitis, anasthetic finger tips

  8. Cont; • Common organisms are staphylococcus and streptococcus • Incision and drainage is commonly done using volar longitudinal incision or high lateral incision

  9. PYOGENIC FLEXOR TENOSYNOVITIS • Infection of the flexor tendon sheaths • Trauma or puncture wound • Uniform symmetrical digit swelling and partial flexion • Pain along the tendon sheath with passive digit extension is the most clinically reproducible sign

  10. cont; • Complications necrosis, adhesion formation, spreading of infection to deep fascial spaces • Mx- early saline irrigation of the sheath, early mobilization once inflammation has setteled

  11. HERPETIC WHITLOW • Caused by HSV 1&2 • Small clear fluid filled vesicles with oedemaerythema and localized tenderness • Tenderness out of proportion to physical signs • Anti virals and pain relief

  12. INFECTIONS FROM BITE WOUNDS • human or animal bites typically associated with bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus and Staphylococcusand organisms from oral flora. • Bites should be explored cleaned and managed with broad spectrum antibiotics

  13. ATYPICAL MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS • Mycobacterium marinum is a common form • puncture wounds from fish spines, or contamination of a simple wound or abrasion from stagnant water (in nature or from aquariums)

  14. TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS IN THE HAND • Elevation, splinting and antibiotics give good results if no pus • Pus needs drainage • Pus in tendon sheath needs irrigation to avoid stiffness • Bites should be explored cleaned and managed with broad spectrum antibiotics • All infections need early mobilization to avoid stiffness

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