Ionic and Covalent Compounds

1. Ionic and Covalent Compounds Megan Wholaver and Brandye Hull

2. COVALENT COMPOUNDS • This compounds form by sharing electrons. • Covalent compounds consist of bonding non-metals. • They have much lower melting and boiling points than ionic compounds. • Covalent compounds are soft and squishy compared to ionic compounds.

3. Ammonia

4. This chemical’s formula is NH3. • NH3 is better known as ammonia and also Nitro-Sil. • Nitrogen has five valence electrons and Hydrogen has one valence electron. • It is usually found as a gas. • This compound puts off a very strong odor. • Ammonia is used for fertilizers and explosives. • It is also commonly used as a household cleaning product.

5. Methane

6. CH4 is also called “methane”. • Carbon has four valence electrons and hydrogen has one valence electron. • Methane is an odorless, colorless, and flammable gas. • Methane has tetrahedral molecular shape. • It is used as a fuel for electrical generation. • Methane is less dense than air. • Most of the planet Pluto’s surface is frozen methane.

7. IONIC COMPOUNDS • Ionic compounds form by adding or removing electrons. • This compounds are found when nonmetal anions and metal cations bond. • Ions are atoms that have satisfied the octet rule. • Ionic compounds are very hard and brittle.

8. Potassium chloride

9. Potassium chloride’s formula is KCl. • Potassium has one valence electron and Cl has seven valence electrons. • The compound is also known as ”muriate of potash.” • KCl is used to prevent and treat low blood levels of potassium. • The majority of KCl is used for fertilizers.

10. Potassium bromide

11. Potassium bromide’s formula is KBr. • Potassium has one valence electron and bromine has seven valence electrons. • KBris used as a veterinary drug, antiepileptic medication for dogs and cats (treats seizures). • KBr is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to use on humans as it is used on animals.