TEC 201 Teaching Transportation Technology

1. TEC 201Teaching Transportation Technology

2. The meaning of the word Transport. The word “transport” means to “carry across.” It is borrowed from the Latin language. Porto in Latin means “to carry”. Trans means “across.”

3. Transportation is a dynamic part of the American economy • Transportation accounts for about 20 % of the gross national product. • 25% of all jobs in the U.S. are related to transportation technology.

4. Transportation Statistics • Over $87 billion spent on goods and services related to the automobile; • 8 million factory sales of the automobile each year; • Over $91 billion spent each year on gasoline; • Over 1.8 trillion passenger miles transported by auto, airplane, bus, and rail.

5. Negative Impacts • 18 million auto accidents each year; • 1.8 million injuries from auto accidents; • 50,000 fatalities each year from auto accidents; • Causes 50% of all air pollution; • 42% of all energy used in US for transportation.

6. Transportation is… • The physical movement of people and goods between points; • Interrelated to communications, production, and energy technologies; • Has increased the standard of living; • Has increased leisure time activities.

7. The Transportation System in the United States consists of… • 4 million miles of roads; • 120 million cars; • 200,000 miles of rail track; • 500,000 miles of oil and gas pipeline; • 30 million trucks. Do we need to spend more money on repairing old systems than on building new ones?

8. History of Transportation Development can be traced to these four methods of power: • Animal Power • Wind and Water Power • Engine Power • Rocket Power

9. History of Transportation Significant innovations that help spur on the development of transportation: · Horse Harnesses/saddles · Canals · Advances in ship building · Steam Engines · Development of steel products · Communications technology · Engine designs (gasoline, diesel, turbine)

10. History of Transportation • Railroads • Automobiles • Paradigm Shifts and Significant Events

11. Railroads… • They were especially important to the growth in the 19th Century. They made it possible to move people to the expanding West and move products to markets. • Determined the location (or relocation) of many cities.

12. Automobiles… • Have changed many lifestyles; • Led to the development of suburbs; • Led to the decline of small towns; • Have become an extension of the human body. In many cases, one can determine much about a person by their automobile.

13. Paradigm Shifts and Significant Events • Wheel was developed about 4,000 BC by Sumerians; • Chariot was introduced in Egypt in 1470 BC by conquering the Hykses; • 1770, Cugnot steam traction engine…major milestone for the automobile; • 1776 James Watts Steam Engine…was eventually used for pumping water, cotton mills, saw mills, rolling mills; • George Washington for his inaugural in 1789 there were no hard surface roads;

14. Continued… • The first federally built highway was the National Road – from Baltimore to Vandalia, IL; • 1783, the first hot air balloon flight took place; • Robert Fulton’s “Clermont”, steam powered boat, offered service on the Hudson River; • 1827, the first successful rail line in America, the Baltimore and Ohio, was chartered; • 1860, Etienne Lenoir develops internal combustion engine; • 1869, the last spike was driven into the transcontinental railroad;

15. Continued… • 1886, Carl Benz was credited with the world’s first practical motorcar; • 1893, Henry Ford build his first car; • 1897, Rudolf Diesel developed the diesel engine; • By 1900 there were over 1000 auto manufacturers worldwide; • 1903, Wright Brothers made first flight – lasted 12 seconds; • 1908, Model T appears;

16. Continued… • 1926, Goddard launches his first rocket; • 1934, Queen Mary was built – weights 81,500 tons; • 1939, Igor Sikorsky invents first helicopter; • 1957, Sputnik – Russian – First Satellite; • 1961, Russians put first man in orbit; • 1969, U.S. lands on the moon; • 1981, first reusable space transportation vehicle (Space Shuttle)

17. Systems Approach • Input • Process • Output • Feedback

18. Transportation Systems • Inputs: Those resources needed to begin the system. People Capital Knowledge Materials Energy Time Finance

19. Transportation Systems • Processes: The action part of the system. For example, when baking cookies, the process is the mixing of the ingredients. In transportation, process is usually the result of management. Production Management Action Movement of Cargo Movement of People

20. Transportation Systems • Outputs: The end result or output is a result of the inputs and processes. The output is the relocation of people and cargo. Transportation also has unintended outputs like pollution, noise, etc. End Results Relocating People Relocating Cargo

21. Transportation Systems • Feedback: Provides information on how the system is working. Monitoring Adjusting Correcting

22. Transportation Systems • Goals of a System: The success of any system involves the achievement of desirable goals. For example, in commercial air transportation, the goal might be getting people to their destination on time and safely.

23. Four Basic Forms (Laws) Land Air Water Space Rail Highway Pipeline Recreational On-site Heavier-than-air Lighter-than-air Inland Trans-ocean Manned Unmanned Intermodal Transportation

24. Some are overlooked… • Escalators; • Pipelines; • Elevators; Are all forms of transportation.

25. Why Study Transportation? • Is essential in nearly everything we do; • It affects the way we live; • Without it, travel and the movement of goods would not be possible.