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The Civil Rights Movement

The Civil Rights Movement. I. Segregation & Phases. Segregation is the practice of keeping ethnic, racial, religious, or gender groups separated. Establishing Segregation The Supreme Court declares the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional in 1883

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The Civil Rights Movement

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  1. The Civil Rights Movement

  2. I. Segregation & Phases • Segregation is the practice of keeping ethnic, racial, religious, or gender groups separated. • Establishing Segregation • The Supreme Court declares the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional in 1883 • 1890 Louisiana passes a law requiring railroad companies to provide separate cars for “white and colored races”

  3. Plessy v. Ferguson • Court case in which the Supreme Court upheld the Louisiana Law of separate but equal railroad cars. • The Plessy Decision sets a prescident that basically legalizes segregation • Segregation become mandatory in the South • There were two phases to the Civil Rights movement: • Phase One: 1945-1965 • Phase Two: after 1965

  4. II. Why The Civil Rights Movement Takes Off After W.W.II • Black equality became a significant political issue for the Democratic Party • WWII had been fought against racism abroad—hard to keep harboring it at home • Black veterans came home dedicated to change • Increasing number of White Americans condemned segregation • Discrimination in the United States hurt our propaganda battle against the Communists

  5. III. The Truman Years • Truman’s 1948 election year agenda • No significant Civil Rights legislative agenda • Truman moves on his own to do what he can for Civil Rights • Desegregation of the military (1948) • Jackie Robinson become first Black man to play in the MLB ( Huge breakthrough in the sports world) (1947)

  6. IV. The Battle in the Courts • Smith v. Allwright (1944) • First attack = “separate is not equal” • Court case in May 17, 1954 • African American lawyer, Thurgood Marshall Represents Brown • In this case the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was unconstitutional

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