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APPENDICITIS

APPENDICITIS. By Laurel Petersen, Niki Lanier & Angela D. Perkins . THE APPENDIX . Formally known as veriform appendix cecal appendix A narrow tube like structure approximately 10 cm long made of visceral tissue that develops during the embryo stage.

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APPENDICITIS

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  1. APPENDICITIS By Laurel Petersen, Niki Lanier & Angela D. Perkins

  2. THE APPENDIX • Formally known as • veriform appendix • cecal appendix • A narrow tube like structure approximately 10 cm long made of visceral tissue that develops during the embryo stage. • The appendix attaches to the posteromedialcecum, in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen.

  3. WHAT CAUSES APPENDICITIS • Commonly caused by blockage after a previous a bacterial infection. • The obstruction blocks the flow of mucous from entering the cecum while the appendix continues to produce it • resulting in an inflammation • If the production continuous • it exceeds the venous pressure leading to ischemia and necrosis. • One third of the cases caused by • trauma • viral • bacterial • parasitic infection.

  4. CASE STUDY • 19 year old male Tongan rugby player • Wednesday night the athlete stated that he had a “slight stomach ache.” • Didn’t think that it was a problem and so he went to sleep. • The next morning his abdominal pain continued and he started to look pale. • When arriving to practice he reported to one of the Athletic Training students slumped over and holding his stomach. • Pain to be a 9/10 on the NRS • Athlete didn’t want to move. • Feeling cramps and sharp pains intermittently especially in his lower right quadrant. • Nauseated and constipated. • Significant rebound tenderness over McBurney’s point • approximately 5 cm over the anterior superior • iliac spine in line with the umbilicus

  5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS • Overall signs and symptoms • Pain • Loss appetite • Vomiting, nausea • Low-grade fever • Localized pain in the RLQ • Migration of pain from the region of the umbilicus • Positive McBurneyTest • Rigidity and muscle guarding • Other not so common symptoms include: • Urgency to go to the bathroom • Dysuria • Diarrhea

  6. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS • Kidney disease • Meckel’sdiverticulitis • Pelvic inflammatory disease • Right-sided diverticulitis • Inflammatory disease of the right upper abdomen

  7. TREATMENT • If caught in the early stages • Patient can be treated with antibiotics and time. • If the appendix is in the acute inflammation stage • emergency appendectomy will need to be performed. • Can be done • “traditional” way • making an incision and removing the appendix and stitching up the cecum. • An alternate method • using a laparoscopeto remove the appendix

  8. RETURN TO PLAY • The athlete returned to full participation in 2 weeks, however, he returned with caution. • Incisions were fully closed, but if he were to experience any pain in the area he was to stop participating until he was pain free. • Athlete did not experience any pain and was able to participate for the rest of the season.

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