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The Compromise of 1850: Key Elements and Political Impact

In Chapter 10, Section 3, we explore the formation of new political parties and the Compromise of 1850, orchestrated by Henry Clay to address the divisive issue of slavery in the United States. The compromise consisted of five crucial components aimed at balancing interests between the North and the South. These included: 1) Admission of California as a free state, 2) Establishment of territorial governments in New Mexico and Utah with popular sovereignty, 3) Resolution of Texas's boundary dispute, 4) Abolition of the slave trade in Washington D.C., and 5) Implementation of a stricter Fugitive Slave Law.

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The Compromise of 1850: Key Elements and Political Impact

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  1. Chapter 10 Section 3

    New Political Parties
  2. Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay’s plan for a compromise over the issue of slavery 5 separate laws Some favored the North Some favored the South
  3. List the 5 parts of the Compromise of 1850 1. California admitted as a free state 2. The sale of slaves, but not slavery itself was made illegal in Washington, D.C. 3. Fugitive Slave Act was passed 4. New Mexico and Utah would decide on slavery for themselves 5. Texas would receive $10 million to settle its border dispute with New Mexico
  4. Fugitive Slave Act This law (part of the Compromise of 1850) ordered all citizens of the U.S. to assist in the return of enslaved people who had escaped from their owners Also denied a jury trial to escaped slaves
  5. What roles did Senator Calhoun and Senator Webster play in passing the Compromise of 1850? Calhoun presented the fears and worries of Southerners, explained that they did not wish to leave the Union, and outlined what the south would need to remain Wanted government to respect their right to own “property”
  6. Webster supported the Compromise, fearing for the existence of the Union Supported the Fugitive Slave Act Angered many northerners Made many northern merchants happy
  7. Nativism A movement to ensure that native born Americans received better treatment than immigrants Arose in response to a surge in immigration between 1846 and 1854 3 million Europeans arrived in the U.S.
  8. Why did some people support the Know Nothing Party? Fears and mistrust of immigrants contributed to nativism and the formation of the Know-Nothing Party
  9. Kansas-Nebraska Act Supported the practice of popular sovereignty in deciding the issue of slavery in Kansas and Nebraska rather than leaving the decision up to Congress Proposed by Stephen Douglas
  10. Popular Sovereignty Letting the people in a territory decide whether to allow slavery there
  11. Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act upset many northern voters? They felt that northern Democrats sold out to the South Did not like the idea of leaving the possibility of slavery open
  12. How did northern voters respond to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? Many left the Democratic Party for the New Republican Party Dedicated to stopping the power of the slaveholding south Declared slavery to be evil Wanted the Kansas-Nebraska and Fugitive Slave Acts to be repealed
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