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Understanding the Large Intestine: Structure, Function, and Nutritional Metabolism

Explore the crucial roles of the large intestine in water and electrolyte absorption, vitamin synthesis, and defecation. This session also covers the dynamics of metabolism, detailing both anabolic and catabolic processes within body cells. Learn about essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water, and their sources. Delve into the concepts of Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and Total Metabolic Rate (TMR), understanding how energy is expended in daily activities and the implications for meal planning.

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Understanding the Large Intestine: Structure, Function, and Nutritional Metabolism

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Today’s Agenda • Finish Small Intestine WS and Lab • Obj. 14: Large Intestine • Large Intestine Disorders

  2. INTESTINE LARGE

  3. Obj. 14: Structure & Function of Large Intestine • Functions include: a. Absorption of water b. Absorption of electrolytes c. Absorption of vitamins (B&K) made by bacteria d. Defecation

  4. Obj. 14 (cont.) • Defecation is triggered by feces entering the rectum. • The walls of the rectum contract to move stool. • Movement is aided by the Valsava maneuver. In this maneuver we close the glottis, contract the diaphragm and abdominal walls to create pressure distally.

  5. Today’s Agenda 3/5 • Notes on Nutrition • Obj. 15 • Notes on Metabolism • Obj. 22 • Meal Planning Activity

  6. Obj. 15 • Calorie: The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius. • Metabolism: Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body cell. • May be anabolic (building) or catabolic (breaking down.)

  7. Obj. 15 • Nutrient: A substance present in food that is used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance, or repair.

  8. Carbohydrates: Cereals Grains Bread Pasta Digested in mouth & Sm. Int. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources

  9. Lipids: Animal products Dairy Nuts Fats, Oils & Butter Digested in Sm. Int. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources

  10. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Protein • Meats, Nuts, Fats, Oils & Butter • Digested in Stomach & Sm. Int.

  11. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Minerals • Various Sources • Absorbed in Sm. Intestine

  12. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Vitamins • Various Sources • Absorbed in Sm. Int. & Large Int.

  13. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Water • Most Food Substances • Absorbed in Large Int.

  14. Name the 6 Essential Nutrients • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Protein • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

  15. Where would _____ be digested & absorbed? • Turkey • Watermelon • Chick-fil-a Chicken Biscuit • Spaghetti noodles • An egg • Hershey Chocolate Bar • Spinach

  16. What’s Metabolism Again?

  17. What’s Metabolism Again? • Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body cell.

  18. What’s Metabolism Again? • Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body cell. • What chemical reactions can you think of that occur in cells?

  19. Obj. 22: Metabolic Rate • Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): • Rate at which energy is expended (heat produced) by body per time unit under controlled conditions. • Energy needed to perform basic activities

  20. Obj. 22 (Cont.) • Total Metabolic Rate (TMR): • Total rate of kilocalorie consumption to fuel all ongoing activities---voluntary & involuntary • Bulk of TMR is BMR

  21. Does energy for _____ contribute to BMR or TMR? • Exercise done in an aerobics class • Breathing • Kidney Function • Taking notes in class  • Cellular Respiration

  22. Meal Planning Activity

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