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Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State

Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State. 1789-1800. Growing Pains In 1789, how quickly was the population in America growing? Where did most of the American population live in the 1790s? How many people lived East of the Appalachian Mountains? Where was this population concentrated?

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Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State

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  1. Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State 1789-1800

  2. Growing Pains • In 1789, how quickly was the population in America growing? • Where did most of the American population live in the 1790s? • How many people lived East of the Appalachian Mountains? Where was this population concentrated? • Within 14 years, what states were welcomed to the Union? • Why was the Mississippi River significant to the Western settlers and how were British and Spanish agents involved? • Washington For President • Why was electoral college’s drafting of Washington as president significant? • How did Washington command his followers? • Where did Washington take his oath of office? • Washington established a cabinet. Why was this significant? • Who were the department heads under Washington?

  3. The Bill of Rights • Why was drafting a Bill of Rights on top of the new government’s list? • Describe the two ways amendments could be made to the Constitution. • What role did James Madison play in regards to the Bill of Rights? • What rights were safeguarded by the Bill of Rights? • Define the Ninth Amendment and explain its significance. • Define the Tenth Amendment and explain its significance. • What was the purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789? • Who became the first chief justice of the United States? • Hamilton Revives the Corpse of Public Credit • Describe Alexander Hamilton • What did Hamilton’s set out to correct as treasury secretary? • Who did Hamilton’s fiscal policies favor and how would this help the entire country? • How did Hamilton plan on bolstering the national credit? • Describe the concept of “funding at par”. • How did the public feel about Hamilton’s plan to bolster the national credit? • What did Hamilton want to do about the debt of the states? • Describe the concept of “assumption” and why it was promoted by Hamilton. • What states liked the idea of “assumption” and why? • What states did not like the idea of “assumption” and why? • How did Hamilton get Virginia to accept his “assumption” plan?

  4. Custom Duties and Excise Taxes • How were Hamilton’s objectives regarding the National Debt as much political as they were economic? • How did Hamilton plan on paying for his National Debt plan? • What were the dual purposes of the first tariff law passed in 1789? • In 1791 on what product did congress secure and excise tax? • Who did the excise tax of 1791 affect? • Hamilton Battles Jefferson for a Bank • How did Hamilton propose the bank of the United States look and what was the purpose would it serve? • How did Jefferson feel about the bank and what arguments did he make? • What is “strict construction”? • What arguments did Hamilton make in support of the bank? • What does “necessary and proper” mean in relation to the Constitution? • What is the “elastic clause” of the Constitution? • What area of the Unites States supported the new bank and what area was opposed to the bank? • What happened when the bank’s stock was opened to public sale?

  5. Mutinous Moonshiners in Pennsylvania • Where and why did the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 take place? • How did Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion? • How did the Whiskey Rebellion impact Washington’s new government? • The Emergence of Political Parties • Why was a sound credit rating important to the United States? • What were the political liabilities created by Hamilton’s financial success? • How were factions different than political parties? • Why had the founders not envisioned permanent political parties? • How did Jefferson and Madison first organize their opposition to Hamilton’s ideas? • What role did newspapers play in the emergence of political parties? • How has the two party system benefited the democracy?

  6. The Impact of the French Revolution • What were the two political parties of the time period? • How did the French Revolution, in its early stages, impact America? • How did Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans feel about the French Revolution? • How did Federalists feel about the French Revolution? • How did Britain entering the war affect America? • Washington’s Neutrality Proclamation • What was the Franco-American alliance of 1778? • How did Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans feel about the alliance? • Why didn’t Washington want to get entangled in the impending war? • What was significant about Jefferson and Hamilton’s views on Washington’s war policy? • Describe the Neutrality Proclamation of 1793. • Who was Citizen Edmond Genet and what did he do in Charleston? • How does self-interest relate to alliances? • America didn’t flout their obligation to France. Why and how is this true?

  7. Embroilments with Britain • How was Washington’s policy of neutrality tried by Britain? • Who did British agents on the Northern frontier associate with? • Why was the battle of Fallen Timbers significant? • Describe the outcome of the Treaty of Greenville. • How did the Miami Confederacy feel about the Treaty of Greenville? • Describe the sea frontier issues between Britain and America. • How would war with Britain impact the US financial system? • Jay’s Treaty and Washington’s Farewell • Why did Washington send John Jay to Britain and how did the Jeffersonians react? • How was Jay sabotaged by Hamilton and why? • What did John Jay win in his dealings with the British? • What did Jay’s Treaty consent to in regards to the British? • How did Jay’s Treaty revitalize the Democratic Republican’s? • Describe Pickney’s Treaty of 1795 and explain why it happened. • How did Washington’s retirement impact the presidency to this day? • What did Washington’s farewell address advise? • What kind of alliances would Washington favor? • What were Washington’s contributions as president?

  8. John Adams Becomes President • Why didn’t Hamilton become president? • Who was the Federalist candidate? • Who was the Democratic-Republican candidate? • Describe the political atmosphere of the 1796 campaign. • On what topics did the Jeffersonians focus? • Describe John Adams. • What else did John Adams have going against him? • Unofficial Fighting with France • Why was France angry about the Jay’s Treaty? • How did France respond to Jay’s Treaty? • Describe the X,Y,Z affair. • How did the citizens of the United States react to the X,Y,Z affair? • How did the government of the United States react to the X,Y,Z affair? • What did the ‘war’ between France and the US look like?

  9. Adams Puts Patriotism Above Party • How did Talleyrand respond to the ‘war’ with the US? • How did the issue with France affect Adams? • How did the public react to Adams “one last try for peace”? • Describe the Convention of 1800 (What did America receive and what did France receive)? • Why was Adam’s “push for peace” significant? • The Federalist Witch Hunt • What was the purpose of the Alien and Sedition Acts? • At whom was the Alien Act directed and what did the law say? • At what was the Sedition Act directed and what did the law say? • How did the Sedition Act affect the Jeffersonians? • Why did the Federalists write the Sedition Act to expire in 1801? • Why didn’t the Supreme Court deem the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional? • How did the Alien and Sedition Acts affect the Federalists?

  10. The Virginia (Madison) and Kentucky (Jefferson) Resolutions • What did Jefferson fear in relation to the Alien and Sedition Acts? • Why did Jefferson draft his resolution in secret? • Describe the compact theory. • Using the compact theory, what did the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions argue? • How did the rest of the states respond to the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions and why? • How were the resolutions used in the future? • Beyond the states rights, how else could the resolutions be viewed? • Federalists Versus Democratic-Republicans • Describe the beliefs of the Federalist party in relation to democracy. • Describe the beliefs of the Federalist party in relation to government. • Describe Jefferson and to whom he appealed. • Why could Jefferson be considered a “bundle of inconsistencies”? • Describe the beliefs of the Democratic-Republicans in relation to government. • Jefferson advocated the rule of the people. What does this mean? • Why did Jefferson believe landlessness was a threat to democracy? • For the time period, why would Jefferson have been considered open minded? • Describe Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s differences in foreign policy.

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