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Comprehensive Review of Metabolic Pathways and Photosynthesis Mechanisms

This review covers essential metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid catabolism, nitrogen catabolism, and the light reactions and Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. Key structures and reactions are outlined, including amino acids, nucleotides, and important metabolites like pyruvate and oxaloacetate. Focus on mechanisms such as beta oxidation, PLP-mediated transamination, and RNA hydrolysis is included. Learn the net reaction of photosynthesis and the efficiency of ATP synthesis. A must-read for understanding fundamental biological processes.

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Comprehensive Review of Metabolic Pathways and Photosynthesis Mechanisms

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  1. Review 3 C483 Spring 2013

  2. Net outcomes of • Oxidative phosphorylation (shuttles) • Fatty acid catabolism • Nitrogen catabolism • Light reactions of photosynthesis • Calvin cycle

  3. Structures to know • All amino acids • (deoxy)ribonucleosides and (deoxy)ribonucleotides • Carbamoyl phosphate and urea • Pyruvate, oxaloacetate, a-ketoglutarate • PRPP

  4. Metabolic Pathways/Reactions • Know these reactions/pathways (not arrow mechanisms) • Beta oxidation • PLP-mediated transamination • Formation of carbamoyl phosphate • Catabolism of amino acids covered in lecture • Basic hydrolysis and RNase-catalyzed hydrolysis of RNA

  5. Protonmotive Force • NADH + H+ + ½ O2 NAD+ + H2O + 10 H+ pumped • succinate + ½ O2 fumarate + H2O + 6 H+ pumped

  6. Photosynthesis: Net Reaction 2 H2O + 4 NADP+ + 8 photons  O2 + 4 NADPH

  7. Proton Gradient • For every ONE O2 • 4 e- passed • 8 photons absorb • 12 H+ pumped • In plants, 12 H+ required to turn ATP synthase • 3 ATP made • Quantum yield is 3 ATP/8 photons or ATP/2.7 photon

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