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2.1 Classifying Matter

2.1 Classifying Matter. Objectives. Measure length, mass, volume, temperature, and time during an investigation. Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass.

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2.1 Classifying Matter

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  1. 2.1 Classifying Matter

  2. Objectives • Measure length, mass, volume, temperature, and time during an investigation. • Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass. • Identify pure substances by their physical and chemical properties (color, luster, reflectivity, hardness, conductivity, density, pH, etc.). • Distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter. • Classify a substance as being made of one kind of atom (element) or a compound when given the molecular formula or structural formula for the substance. • Compare and contrast the common properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. • Compare and contrast the properties of acidic, basic, and neutral solutions.

  3. Why??? • Why do things act the way they do???

  4. Why???

  5. What I Want to Know Is??? • More Scientific Example: +

  6. Pure Substances • A pure substance is matter that contains only one kind of particle. • Every sample of a pure substance has the same properties because a pure substance has a fixed, uniform composition. • Pure substances are either elements or compounds. Salt (NaCl) Gold Water (H2O)

  7. Objectives • Measure length, mass, volume, temperature, and time during an investigation. • Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass. • Identify pure substances by their physical and chemical properties (color, luster, reflectivity, hardness, conductivity, density, pH, etc.). • Distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter. • Classify a substance as being made of one kind of atom (element) or a compound when given the molecular formula or structural formula for the substance. • Compare and contrast the common properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. • Compare and contrast the properties of acidic, basic, and neutral solutions.

  8. Elements • An element is a substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances. • The smallest particle of an element is an atom. • An element has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of atom. H atoms Na atom Cl atoms

  9. Question #1 All elements and compounds are classified as _____. • Mixtures • Pure substances • Massive material. • Deadly.

  10. Question #2 The smallest particles of all elements are _____. • Molecules • Ions • Atoms • Protons

  11. Symbols • Scientists use symbols to represent the names of the elements. • Each symbol has one or two letters from the elements name. • The first letter is always capitalized, the second letter is not. Hydrogen - HOxygen - OSodium - Na ?

  12. Compounds • A compound is a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. • The properties of a compound differ from the elements that make it up. • The ratio of the elements in a compound are always the same. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Water (H2O)

  13. Talk to Shoulder Partner • There are two types of pure substances. What are they? Elements Compounds

  14. Let’s Combine Compounds… DEMO

  15. Closure & Summary Question Be sure to write a COMPLETE SENTENCE!!! What is the difference between an element and a compound???

  16. Homework • Density Practice Problems! • Given to you Monday! • Candy Density lab is due MONDAY!

  17. Objectives • Measure length, mass, volume, temperature, and time during an investigation. • Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass. • Identify pure substances by their physical and chemical properties (color, luster, reflectivity, hardness, conductivity, density, pH, etc.). • Distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter. • Classify a substance as being made of one kind of atom (element) or a compound when given the molecular formula or structural formula for the substance. • Compare and contrast the common properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. • Compare and contrast the properties of acidic, basic, and neutral solutions.

  18. Let’s Get Our Brains Going • Talk Fast!!! • With shoulder/table partner. • The tallest person will start as guesser. • The shortest person will start as talker. • When you complete, put two claps and a hand in air.

  19. Round 1 Element Density Meters

  20. Round 2 Pure Substance Compound Graduated Cylinder

  21. Throw the Ball When you answer your questions you must TELL WHAT NOTE YOU FOUND IT IN. • What is a pure substance? • What two types of materials are pure substances? • What is the difference between an element and a compound? • What is the smallest particle of an element called? • (Not in notes but just think about this) If a material is not a pure substance, what would it be called?

  22. Mixtures • A mixture is a physical combination of two or more pure substances. • The substances are combined without chemical bonding. • The substances in a mixture keep their original properties. Salt + water = Salt water

  23. Types of Mixtures • Heterogeneous mixtures – individual components can be easily recognized. • Looks different in different parts • salad pizza • granite

  24. Types of Mixtures • Homogeneous mixtures – individual components can not be easily recognized. • Looks the same throughout • Also known as solutions • 14 kt gold pop chemical solutions

  25. Talk to Shoulder Partner What is the difference between heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures?

  26. Suspension • A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which one part settles out over time. • It has to be stirred or agitated to keep the particles suspended. • The particles are large enough to scatter light. • orange juice • chocolate milk • Italian dressing

  27. Colloids • A colloid is a special type of suspension in which the suspended particles do not settle out. • The suspended particles are large enough to scatter light. whipped cream Milk fog

  28. Table Conversation • What is the difference between a suspension and a colloid?

  29. Example of Colloid DEMO

  30. Summary Remember to write in complete sentences!!! • What is the difference between a heterogeneous mixture and a homogeneous mixture?

  31. Closure • Density of Candy Labs is DUE RIGHT NOW!!!

  32. Review – Throw the Ball Use your table we created yesterday!!! • What is a pure substance? • What is an element? • How do we know what’s an element (if we can’t see atoms)? • What is a compound? • How can we tell the difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures?

  33. Which is Which???

  34. Which is Which???

  35. Which is Which???

  36. Matter Pure substance Mixture Elements Compounds Heterogeneous Homogeneous • ______ • ______ • ______ • _______ • _______ • _______ suspension colloid solution • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______ • _______

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