Chapter 17 Becoming a World Power

1. Chapter 17 Becoming a World Power Section 3 New American Diplomacy

2. Theodore Roosevelt’s Rise to Power • 1900 election – President McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan. • Sept. 6, 1901 – Leon Czolgosz shot McKinley, who died a few days later.

4. Theodore Roosevelt’s Rise to Power • Roosevelt, McKinley’s vice president, became the youngest person to become president. (43) • Believed the U.S. had a duty to shape the “less civilized” parts of the world. • Wanted the U.S. to become a world power.

6. American Diplomacy in Asia • 1899 – U.S. was a major power in Asia. • B/w 1895 and 1900 American exports to China quadrupled.

7. Open Door Policy • 1894 – War began b/w China & Japan over what is now Korea. • Ended in a Japanese victory. • In treaty – China gave Korea independence and Japan territory in Manchuria. • War showed China was weaker than people had thought, and that Japan had successfully adopted Western technology.

10. Open Door Policy • Japan’s rising power worried Russia. • They forced Japan to give back part of Manchuria to China and later made China lease the territory to Russia. • This leasehold became the center of a sphere of influence, an area where a foreign nation controlled economic development such as railroad and mining.

11. Open Door Policy • Pres McKinley and Sec of State John Hay supported an Open Door Policy in China. • Believed all countries should be allowed to trade with China. • Hay sent notes to countries w/ leaseholds in China asking to keep ports open to all nations.

12. The Boxer Rebellion • Secret Chinese societies were organized to end foreign control. (Boxers) • Group members invaded foreign embassies in Beijing and killed more than 200 foreigners and took others prisoner. • International force stopped the rebellion in August 1900.

13. Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace prize in 1906 for his efforts in ending the war b/w Japan and Russia. Balancing Power in East Asia

14. Balancing Power ctd… • After the peace treaty b/w Japan and Russia, relations b/w the U.S. and Japan worsened. • Each wanted greater influence in Asia. • The agreed to: • Respect each other’s territorial possessions • Uphold the Open Door Policy • Support China’s independence

15. Great White Fleet • 1907 – Roosevelt sent 16 battleships of the new Navy around the world to show the country’s military strength. • Visiting Japan did not help tensions.

17. Growing Presence in the Caribbean • 1901 – Hay-Pauncefote Treaty signed by the U.S. and Great Britain gave the U.S. exclusive rights to build and control any proposed canal through Central America. • French company that had begun to build a canal through Panama offered to sell its rights and property in Panama to the U.S.

18. Panama Canal • 1903 – Panama was still part of Colombia, which refused Hay’s purchase offer.

19. Revolt in Panama • Panamanians decided to declare their independence from Colombia and make their own deal with the U.S. • Short uprising was supported by the U.S. • U.S. sent ships to prevent Colombia from interfering. • U.S. recognized Panama’s independence and signed a treaty to build the canal.

22. 50 mile strip took 10 yearsShortened the distance b/w the Atlantic & Pacific by 8000 nautical miles.

23. The Roosevelt Corollary • 1904 – Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere. • 1st applied to the Dominican Republic when it fell behind in its debt repayments to European nations.

24. Roosevelt Corollary • New President William Howard Taft, continued Roosevelt’s policies. • Believed that if American business leaders supported Latin America and Asian development, everyone would benefit. • Became known as dollar diplomacy.

25. End of Chapter 17 Next: TEST