1 / 24

15.1 The Atmosphere

15.1 The Atmosphere. The Water Cycle Continues. Learning Targets. Describe the importance of the atmosphere to our planet and its life Outline the role of the atmosphere in the water cycle List the major components of the atmosphere and know their functions

zaide
Télécharger la présentation

15.1 The Atmosphere

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 15.1 The Atmosphere The Water Cycle Continues

  2. Learning Targets • Describe the importance of the atmosphere to our planet and its life • Outline the role of the atmosphere in the water cycle • List the major components of the atmosphere and know their functions • Describe how atmospheric pressure changes with altitude

  3. Significance of the Atmosphere #1 • Provides the gases needed for life • Moves water • Clouds and water vapor • Absorbs solar energy • Ozone layer • Regulates temperatures • Greenhouse effect • Transmits energy • Allows for sound

  4. Photosynthesis • Plants turn CO2 and H2O into sugar and O2 • Plant sugars are the basis for all food chains • Put nearly ALL OXYGEN into the atmosphere

  5. Respiration • All plants and animals need oxygen • Organisms turn O2 and sugar into energy, CO2, and water • Releases energy stored during photosynthesis

  6. Significance of the Atmosphere #2 • Provides the gases needed for life • Moves water • Clouds and water vapor • Absorbs solar energy • Ozone layer • Regulates temperatures • Greenhouse effect • Transmits energy • Allows for sound

  7. Significance of the Atmosphere #2 • Water spends about 9 days in the atmosphere as water vapor. • ALL weather takes place in the atmosphere • Weather – describes what the atmosphere is like at a specific time and place • Includes – temperature, wind, precipitation • Climate – long-term average of weather in a particular location

  8. Significance of the Atmosphere #3 • Provides the gases needed for life • Moves water • Clouds and water vapor • Absorbs solar energy • Ozone layer • Regulates temperatures • Greenhouse effect • Transmits energy • Allows for sound

  9. Significance of the Atmosphere #3 • Ozone – molecule composed of three oxygen atoms - O3 • Absorbs Ultraviolet (UV) radiation • Protects life

  10. Significance of the Atmosphere #4 • Provides the gases needed for life • Moves water • Clouds and water vapor • Absorbs solar energy • Ozone layer • Regulates temperatures • Greenhouse effect • Transmits energy • Allows for sound

  11. Significance of the Atmosphere #4 • Keeps Earth within an acceptable temperature range • Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere to help moderate global temperatures • Carbon Dioxide • Methane • Water vapor • Ozone

  12. Significance of the Atmosphere #5 • Provides the gases needed for life • Moves water • Clouds and water vapor • Absorbs solar energy • Ozone layer • Regulates temperatures • Greenhouse effect • Transmits energy • Allows for sound

  13. Significance of the Atmosphere #5 • Gases in the atmosphere takes up space and provides collisions to occur • Without an atmosphere: • No sound – Why? • No collisions of molecules • Airplanes cannot fly – Why? • No atmosphere to hold it up

  14. Composition of Air • Major gas components • Nitrogen: 78% • Oxygen: 21% • Argon: 0.9% • Other: 0.1% • Also contains particles that allow water vapor to condensate on: • Water, soil, smoke – Condensation nuclei

  15. Composition of Air • Humidity – amount of water vapor in the air • Humidity varies around the world • Higher humidity at equatorial regions • Warm air holds more moisture than cooler air. • Lower humidity at polar regions – lower temperatures

  16. Components of the Atmosphere • Altitude – atmosphere has different properties at different elevations • Density – number of molecules in a given volume

  17. Components of the Atmosphere • Air density decrease with altitude – Why? • Gravity pulls gas molecules towards Earth’s center • Air is denser at sea level where gravitational pull is greater • Air piles up close to the earth’s surface

  18. Components of the Atmosphere • Air (atmospheric) pressure – force of air weighing down over a unit of area

  19. Components of the Atmosphere • What about the composition of air as altitude increases? • Major gas components • Nitrogen: 78% • Oxygen: 21% • Argon: 0.9% • Other: 0.1% • Composition stays the same with one exception – at 20- 40 km above the surface, there is a greater concentration of ozone molecules

  20. Movement of Air • Hot air takes up more space • Less dense  rises • Hot means moving faster • What is the most important way heat moves around in the atmosphere? Convection!

More Related