ETHICS IN CAREER COUNSELING

1. ETHICS IN CAREER COUNSELING Nakita C. Wanza, MA

2. Define Ethics Etymology of “ethics” Historic word meanings: In early Greek: “Ethos” = Customs In early Roman Latin: Mores = Customs In German: Sitten (Gebräuche) = Customs

3. DEFINE ETHICS CONT. WEBSTER :RELATING TO MORALS, CONTAINING TO PERCEPTS OF MORALITY

4. DEFINE ETHICS CONT. Encyclopedia Britannica:The discipline of philosophy concerned with what is morally good and bad ,right and wrong;also system or theory of moral values or principles

5. HISTORY OF ETHICS • Historic changes have occurred in the meaning and coverage area of “ethics” and, more so, in the height or strictness of moral standards. In early cultures, ethics actually meant customs only, or customary behavior, as in communal life, dress code, cults, or war.

6. HISTORY OF ETHICS • The discussion of virtues in Aristotelian Athens referred not only to our sphere of “good” and “bad”, but also to courage, justice, temperance, and other qualifications of character. Later, during the Middle Ages, much of ethics was covered by religious or church-issued commandments and rules.

7. HISTORY OF ETHICS • “Moral” matters were no longer “customs” or aspects of character; instead, they became matters of “right” or “wrong”. Beginning with the Scholastic thinkers, “ethics” emerged as an intellectual pursuit, a discipline of philosophy. In a parallel part of society, the knights and nobility retained or revived rules of “honor”. The importance of these rules continued through World War II, especially for the nobility and the military

8. HISTORY OF ETHICS • Their ethical “values” reflected upon the value of a person in society. With the rise of the middle class and, more so, with increasing industry and commerce, “ethics in business” arose as a concern, with the emphasis on trust and fairness. (Interestingly, the Ten Commandments do not address predatory business behavior). Since the late 18th century, in a combination of enlightenment and romanticism, “humanistic” values became important and, to a certain extent, they continue to dominate ethical thinking today

9. HISTORY OF ETHICS • Western democracy promotes “freedom, brotherhood, and equality” - the ideals of the French Revolution, the American Bill of Rights, and the Civil Rights movement - in all their forms. Democracy also brought questions of “ethics in government”, placing the emphasis on integrity. Modern intellectualism (rationality, scientific thinking, and liberal thought) brought new movement to the interpretation and limits of acceptable ethical behavior. Much of what was unacceptable in the past is considered acceptable today

10. DEFINE CAREER COUNSELING

11. CAREER COUNSELING Career counseling is counseling that focuses on a certain realm of the client’s life-the world of work

12. HISTORY OF CAREER COUNSELING • Career counseling began in 1879 during the industrial revolution • Due to job loss in the agricultural sector, increasing demands for workers in heavy industry, the loss of “permanent” jobs on the family farm to new emerging technologies and returning veterans from WWI.

13. ETHICAL STANDARDS

14. ETHICAL STANDARDS IN CAREER COUNSELING • National Career Development Association(NCDA) is educational , scientific and professional organization dedicated to the enhancement of the worth, dignity, potential, and uniqueness of each individual and , thus to the service of society. This code of ethics enables to the NCDA to clarify the nature of ethical responsibilities for present and future professional career counselors.

15. ETHICAL STANDARDS • Ethical standards primary responsibility of the counselor is to the client. • 1. Career counselor’s must follow all ethical guidelines of all organizations including NCDA,NBCC, ACA and APA. • 2. Code of federal Regulations, title 45, subtle A, Part 46; Family educational rights, Title 45, Subtitle A. Part 46; Family educational rights and privacy act and all current federal regulations and various state privacy statues.

16. ETHICAL STANDARDS • 3. Cultural issues might arise between counselor and client and should be handled with care. • 4. Assessments should only be used on clients whom the counselor has already established a relationship. • 5. NCDA members should not bring there own bias regarding gay and lesbian clients and should be aware of the impact of discrimination(NCDA, 1991).

17. PROCEDURES FOR PROCESSING ETHICAL COMPLAINTS For specifics on how to file ethical complaints and description of the guidelines and procedures for processing complaints,contact; ACA Ethics Committee c/o Executive Director American Counseling Association 5999 Stevenson Avenue Alexandria, VA 22304 Telephone; 1-800-347-6647

18. CAREER TEST MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR

19. MBTI The MBTI is based on Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung’s theory of psychological type, which was further developed by the American mother-daughter team, Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers. Together, Myers and Briggs created the MBTI in an effort to help people understand personal differences and appreciate the value of these differences

20. CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE

21. VIDEO PRESENTATION EXPLORING TYPE WITH THE MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR

22. GROUP EXCERCISE

23. REFERENCES Cottone,R. & Tarvydas ,V. (2003). Ethical and professional issues in Counseling, 2nd edition.Merrill; Columbus, Ohio. Meyers, I & Myers, P.(1995). Gifts differing:Understanding personality type. Palo Alto, CA;Davies-Black Publishing. Http://www.etymonline.com