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Kinetic Power Mobile Energy Charger - Senior Design Project Overview

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This project focuses on developing a mobile energy charger utilizing kinetic power, targeted for military and rural applications where conventional power sources are unavailable. Our innovative design incorporates advanced electrical and mechanical components, achieving a compact, environmentally-friendly solution. Key design goals include energy harvesting, mobility, and eliminating the need for external power supplies. The project demonstrated effective generator design revisions and rigorous testing, resulting in an efficient device capable of meeting operational demands while adhering to safety and ethical standards.

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Kinetic Power Mobile Energy Charger - Senior Design Project Overview

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  1. Fall 2006ECE 445 Senior Design Project Kinetic Power Mobile Energy Charger

  2. About Us Group 13 Professor : John Makela TA : Alex Spektor Group Members: Kai Yeen, Wong Leon Yeow, Ting Ming Hoong, Chong

  3. Introduction • To meet the need of today’s mobile technology • Mainly for military or rural uses where dedicated power supply is not available • Encompasses all members’ electrical and electronic skills with a mechanical component challenge

  4. Objectives • Mobility • Energy Harvesting • No need external power supply • Environmental friendly

  5. Original Design

  6. Revisions • Step Up Transformer removed • to increase current outflow • adequate generator voltage output • size of transformer • Voltage Regulator Circuit removed • Zener diode removed because of clamping • increase power efficiency to output

  7. Revisions (continued..) • Triple generator configuration introduced • increase signal generation frequency • Filter capacitor removed • Reduces charging efficiency • Clamping effects • Current regulator introduced • To prevent backflow of current from Li-ion battery to any other generators

  8. Finalized Design

  9. Device Part for battery Rectifier & Diode Main Generators Wrist Generators

  10. Circuit Diagram

  11. Physics • Electromagnetic Induction by magnet moving in coil • Faraday’s Law: emf = -NdΦ/dt where N = number of coils Φ = magnetic flux t = time • Ohm’s law: V = IR where V = emf I = current R = resistance of coils • So a compromise must be reached for optimal device performance

  12. Generator Design and Evolution First Generation Generator Second Generation & Dual-core Generator

  13. Generator Cross-section… Coils Rod Magnet Flat magnets

  14. Generator Design & Evolution (continues…..) 16

  15. Parameters of the Generators Note: All the generators are constructed using 28 AWG Copper Wire

  16. Testing 4 main tests: • Generator Output • Circuit performance • Device performance • Field test

  17. Generator Output • Generator is heart of device • Need output of 5V and 0.1A to accommodate lost throughout circuit and maintain higher voltage than battery • Range of output measured for open circuit and closed circuit voltage

  18. Testing of Generator 1st Generation 2nd Generation (Dualcore) V = 23.0V spike V = 3.531V spike

  19. Before Final Testing of Generator Output Final Design Output = 5.94V Output = 10.5V

  20. Current Output 20 Ohms 2 ohms I = 0.391/ 2= 0.1955A I = 0.1095A

  21. Open Circuit Voltage Frequency: 4.167 Hz

  22. Circuit Performance • Mainly rectifier circuit tested Half Wave rectification Full Wave Rectification Device Rectification is confirmed 1 is output and 2 is input

  23. Device Performance • Power output of generator tested P = V2/R • Power lost across circuit tested P = VI • Power collected at battery P = VIh

  24. Calculations Generator Power • V = 5.11V • R = 25 Ohm • P = 1.044W Power Loss • V = 1V • I = 0.1A • P = 0.1W Efficiency Efficiency = 90.9%

  25. Power Dissipation Distribution

  26. Device Output

  27. Tests in improving efficiency • Switch to thicker wires. X • Add capacitor to reduce reactance. X • Add capacitor to reduce ripple. X • Find Schottky diode with smaller Vf. X

  28. Field Testing

  29. Field Test Summary • Low Battery Voltage to make a call: ~3.4 V • Critical Voltage (dead): ~3.0 V • Shorter time to charge when Li-ion battery at lower voltage level. • Longer time to charge when battery exceed ~3.3V

  30. Ethical Concerns • Voltage Spike - Through rigorous testing, managed to limit the output of generator. -physical limitations do not allow the voltage to exceed acceptable voltage range • Current Spikes - With limitation of voltage current is also limited - Choice of coil material and gauge also limits current output • Uses - Peaceful use for generating power - Does not use fossil fuels

  31. Cost Analysis • Labor: ($35/hr)*120hrs*3Engineers*2.5 = $ 31500 • Parts:

  32. Extra Features • Silencer - For military purposes, generator silenced • Size - compact design, 6in x 5in • Weight - Lightweight (2.3lbs)

  33. Special Thanks to… • Prof. P Krein • Prof. P Sauer • Prof. J Kimball • Prof. Makela • Alex Spektor … for their advice • Everyone in the Part Shop • Scott McDonald from the Machine Shop

  34. Conclusion • Project conformed to all that we expected to achieve in the Design Review • Project was a success

  35. Q & A • Any Questions?

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