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Classification

Classification is an essential practice in our lives, helping us label and group different entities. From taxonomy, which organizes living organisms into hierarchical categories, to genres in media like movies and music, classification provides order and clarity. For instance, the Linnaean system classifies humans as Homo sapiens, while movies are categorized into horror, action, and comedy. Understanding these categories allows us to comprehend relationships and similarities among organisms, and even navigate cultural differences in language.

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Classification

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  1. Classification

  2. Classification • Asystem of labeling and grouping • Taxonomy is the practice of classifying

  3. How do we classify in every day life? • Movies: Horror, action, comedy, drama • Music: Rap, rock, pop, country, electronica

  4. Why classify? • Classification adds order and helps us make sense of the world • Classification also tells us how closely related organisms are

  5. Linnaeus • Carolus Linnaeus proposed a system where organisms would be classified in hierarchical groups

  6. Domain • Kingdom • Phyla • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  7. Movie • Live Action • Horror • Supernatural horror • Found Footage • Paranormal Activity • Paranormal Activity 4 • Domain • Kingdom • Phyla • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  8. Dear King Phillip Come Over For Good Spaghetti

  9. Example: Human • Domain: Eukaryotes • Kingdom: Animal • Phylum: Chordate (has a backbone) • Class: Mammal • Order: Primate • Family: Hominid • Genus: Homo • Species: Homo sapiens

  10. Scientific names • Comprised of the genus and species • Human = Homo sapiens • Wolf = Canis lupus • Rose = Rosa rosa • First word capitalized, second word lowercase

  11. Language barriers • In the United States the term “buzzard” applies only to vultures • In the United Kingdom, “Buzzard” can mean a hawk. • But Coragypsatratus refers to the American black vulture everywhere

  12. Phylogenetic Trees/Cladograms • Visual representations of how organisms are related • Similar to family trees/pedigrees • Also called the“Tree of Life”

  13. Nodes Branches

  14. Nodes = Places where speciation occurred, common ancestors • Branches = Individual species

  15. Groups next to each other are called sister groups • Humans and armadillos are sister groups in this diagram

  16. Horizontal lines show shared derived characteristics

  17. Assignment: Dichotomous key

  18. 1. Pick 10 aliens and identify them with the dichotomous key. Write this down next to the alien or on a separate paper (identify which aliens you are doing!) • 2. Create a dichotomous key for the second set of 10 aliens. Group them based on shared characteristics.

  19. How to create the key • Find a characteristic that separates the aliens into two groups. Ex: Do the organisms have hair? • Set up a question: • 1) a. The organism has hair Go to 2 • b. The organism does not have hair Go to 3 • Continue until every species is sorted

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