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The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase

The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase. What is an Infinitive?. An infinitive looks like a verb because it begins with “ TO ”, but it behaves as a noun (subject, direct object, predicate nominative), adjective, or adverb. Role #1 Infinitive = Noun. To leave now would be rude.

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The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase

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  1. The Infinitive and the Infinitive Phrase

  2. What is an Infinitive? • An infinitive looks like a verb because it begins with “TO”, but it behaves as a noun (subject, direct object, predicate nominative), adjective, or adverb.

  3. Role #1Infinitive = Noun • To leave now would be rude. • To leave …infinitive as the subject • No one wants to stay. • To stay …infinitive as the D.O. • Her goal is to win. • To win …infinitive as the P.N.

  4. Role #2Infinitive = Adjective • Barack Obama is the candidate to watch this election. • To watch …infinitive as an adjective • Which candidate is Clinton…the one towatch. • To watch gives more info. about candidate.

  5. Role #3Infinitive = Adverb • We came to cheer. • To cheer …infinitive as an adverb • Why did they come... to cheer • To cheer gives more information about the verb.

  6. What is an Infinitive Phrase? • An infinitive phrase begins with the infinitive (starts with “to”) and includes all of its modifiers.

  7. The Infinitive Phrase • To get a medical degree is her goal. • To get a medical degree is her goal. • We have time to walk to the game. • We have time to walk to the game. • He is eager to give Cory the award. • He is eager to give Cory the award.

  8. Infinitive Phrase or Prepositional Phrase? • Both phrases begin with “to”. • Infinitive phrase is “to + verb” • Prepositional phrase is “to + noun/pronoun” • I wanted to walk to the beach. • I wanted to walk (infinitive)to the beach(preposition).

  9. What Are You Expected To Do With Infinitive Phrases? • Be able to locate and identify infinitive phrases in sentences • Be able to use infinitive phrases in your own writing to modify and enhance your thoughts, along with adding variety to your sentence beginnings

  10. Remember Gerund Order? • OP (follows a preposition) • S (is the subject of the sentence) • PN (follows a linking verb) • DO (follows an action verb; answers “what”) • IO (follows an action verb; comes before the sentence’s DO; answers “to who/what” or “for who/what”

  11. Infinitive Order…Subject 1. Cross out all prepositional phrases. • Check for the Subject… • Find the verb of the sentence and determine if the infinitive phrase is the subject To open the boxrequired (verb) a hammer and crowbar.

  12. Infinitive Order…Predicate Nominative • Cross out all prepositional phrases • Find the verb • If the verb is a linking verb (am, is, was were, etc.), the infinitive phrase is the PN. Alex’s hobby is (verb)to spend hours each day developing new computer programs.

  13. Infinitive Order…Direct Object • Cross out all prepositional phrases • Find the verb • If the verb is an action verb (it can be done - DO), ask “WHAT” after the verb. • If the infinitive phrase makes sense, you have a DO. The band and choir try (verb)to work together during the musical. (try what? To work together during the musical)

  14. Infinitive Order…Adjective • Cross out all prepositional phrases • Look at the last word directly before the infinitive phrase. • If the word is a noun or pronoun, the infinitive phrase is an adjective. The ability (noun)for toddlers (prep…ignore)to speak clearly happens after four years of age. (answers “what/which ability”)

  15. Infinitive Order…Adverb • Cross out all prepositional phrases • Look at the last word directly before the infinitive phrase. • If the word is a verb, adjective, or adverb, the infinitive phrase is an adverb. We went (verb)to Italy (prep…ignore)to see our grandparents. (answers “why we went”)

  16. Infinitive Order… • S (is the subject of the sentence) • PN (follows a linking verb) • DO (follows an action verb; answers “what”) • ADJ (follows and describes a noun or pronoun…answers “what or which”) • ADV (follows and describes a verb, adjective, or adverb…answers “why”)

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