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Information Systems

This guide explores the distinctions between data and information, emphasizing that data comprises raw facts without meaning, while information is processed data that provides context. It covers methods of data collection, including form design considerations like intended audience, layout, and verification. The differences between verification and validation are clarified, highlighting techniques such as double entry for accuracy and automatic checks for data integrity. Additionally, direct data capture methods, including OMR and OCR technologies, are discussed, alongside their advantages and disadvantages.

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Information Systems

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  1. Information Systems C2b

  2. Information & data – what’s the difference? • Data is raw facts & figures which have not been given a meaning. Eg… • Information is data which has been processed in some way to give it meaning or context. Eg…

  3. Collecting Data • How is data usually collected? • Forms (paper based or screen based) • What do you need to consider when designing a form? • Intended audience • Suitable title & logo (if appropriate) • Layout & use of space • Suitable instructions & text

  4. Verification & Validation • What is the difference between the two? • Verification is checking data has been entered accurately. • How? • Most common form = entering data twice (double entry)

  5. Validation • Ensures data is present, is the correct type, in the correct range & of the correct length. • Made automatically by system • Error message displayed if incorrect • Various checks (IWB activity) • Presence/Length/Type/Format/Range/Lookup Tables/Check Digit

  6. Data Capture • Data can be entered by direct data capture • Computer reads data • OMR (Optical Mark Reader) • Scans forms for marks & ticks • E.g. National lottery / Multiple Choice tests • OCR (Optical Character Reader) • Turns paper-based docs into editable computer files • Read picture & turn into text • Activity – advantages & disadvantages of OMR & OCRs

  7. Exam Questions • Link

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