CELLULAR RESPIRATION

1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION

2. TERMINOLOGY • Aerobes – require oxygen to make energy • Most plants, animals & some bacteria • Staphylococcus • Anaerobes – not require oxygen to make energy • Some fungi & bacteria (for some O2 can be toxic ) • Tetanus • Facultative Anaerobes – function w/ or w/o O2 • Yeast • Listeria

3. RESPIRATION vs. Fermentation C6H12O6+ O2 ---------> CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 ---------> CO2 + C2H6O C6H12O6 ---------> C3H6O3

4. GLYCOLYSIS • Anaerobic – no O2 • Occurs in cytoplasm • All cells use this process • Prokaryotic • Eukaryotic • Products: • NADH • ATP • Pyruvate

5. Conversion of Pyruvate Acetyl CoA • Aerobic – O2 needed • Bonds w/ C form CO2 • Occurs in mitochondria • Repeated 2x (each molecule glucose makes 2 pyruvates) • Products: • NADH • CO2 • Acetyl CoA

6. KREBS CYCLE • Aerobic – O2 needed • Bonds w/ C form CO2 • Occurs in mitochondria • Cycle spins 2x • Products: • CO2 • NADH • FADH2 • ATP

7. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN • Aerobic – O2 needed • Binds w/ H2 to form water • Occurs in cristae (inner mito. Folds) • Convert all energy molecules into ATP • NADH (gly) x 2 = ___ • NADH (kc) x 3 = ___ • FADH x 2 = ___

8. TOTAL ENERGY PRODUCTION ATP - _____ ATP - ______ ATP - _____ Cellular Respiration = ______ ATP

9. FERMENTATION • Method energy production when no O2 present • Allows continual cycling glycolysis to occur & limited amount ATP to be produced Alcoholic Fermentation • Occurs in yeast & bacteria • By-products - CO2 & alcohol • Commercial uses • Baking • brewing Lactic Acid Fermentation • Occurs large muscles, fungi & bacteria • By-products – lactate • Pain, burning assoc w/ strenuous exercise • Commercial uses • Yogurt • Cheese