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Development and Practice of Network Convergence Technology

Development and Practice of Network Convergence Technology. Liu Yunjie 24 July 2007. Agenda. Problems of IP network and solutions Technology and practice of network convergence Debates on network neutrality and implications. A. E. B. D. C. I. Problems of IP network and solutions.

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Development and Practice of Network Convergence Technology

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  1. Development and Practice of Network Convergence Technology Liu Yunjie 24 July 2007

  2. Agenda • Problems of IP network and solutions • Technology and practice of network convergence • Debates on network neutrality and implications

  3. A E B D C I. Problems of IP network and solutions Problems of IP network • Uncontrollable • Unmanageable • Unable to guarantee QoS for real-time services • Security issue • Scalability issue • Problem of router technology • Unable to monitor, no awareness of the real-time status of the network • Unable to exchange real-time information about network status between routers • The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) algorithm of IP network can only be conducted based on the static topology database of the network i.e. no Traffic Engineering (TE), no Operation Administration Management (OAM) and resource management function

  4. OSPF router Solution: Adding TE, OAM and MPLS resource management functions in router • To find out the situation of network resources: trunk line bandwidth, node ports, switching capacity, queuing statistics and the path determined by network topology, etc. • The capability to timely adjust network resources when fault or congestion or new resource call occurs amidst operation of the network • To allow for allocation of correspondent resources for every category of services born over the network through enhanced DS-TE technology, enabling definition of different service level in a LSP TE & OAM

  5. 1）Adding MPLS OAM function to transmit information about network operation and maintenance status • Detecting operation status of each LSP • Detecting the utilization rate of each LSP, and bandwidth occupation of each type of service • Detecting the end-to-end latency of each LSP • MPLS L2 OAM and ATM OAM constitute comprehensive end-to-end OAM, providing for services such as MPLS core network bearing ATM FR and circuit emulation • Adding MPLS quick trouble-shooting and switch fail to safe capability • Enabling quick trouble-shooting by adding two-way failure testing Bidirectional Detection of Failure (BDF) capability • Adding call access control (CAC) • Expanding OSPF algorithm to constraint-based shortest path first (CSPF) algorithm • Others • Graceful restart of MPLS • Routing engine graceful switching (REGS) • Online software upgrade (ISSU) Enable IP network a controllable, manageable and intelligent network that can guarantee QoS.

  6. CISCO July，2005 • The above technology has been adopted by manufacturer • The technology plan of router alteration begins to be accepted by the industry • The technology plan of adding TE/OAMcapability in router has been adopted by industry leaders like CISCO and JUNIPER • This year, the BFDstandard that CISCO and JUNIPER will jointly submit to IETFis a key component of TE/OAM (see right) • The industry has widely recognized the plan. Huawei is also redesign its equipment according to this idea.

  7. 2. Technology and practice of network convergence (1) Improvement of fibre optical transport network is the foundation for convergence (2) Bearing network is the key for convergence (3) Core service network is the engine for convergence (4) Metro Area Network and Access Network are guarantee for convergence

  8. Convergence of networks and services makes the unpredictability of traffic and uncertain of growth more salient; Migrating from static transport network to intelligent dynamic network with features such as cross connecting, signaling, switching, allowing for dynamic bandwidth allocation and multi-service; The combination of ASON and IP technology enables migration of traditional complicated multi-layer network and migration to a network with simple and flat structure; Unified transport administrative system with stronger intelligence. (1) Improvement of fibre optical transport network is the foundation for convergence

  9. Data network 互联网 Internet User-aware network Fixed line network Video network Mobile netowrk Support NE NE NE NE NE Sub-network 2 NE Sub-network 1 NE NE Sub-network 3 NE NE Legend: NE－network element (networked equipment)

  10. Vendor 4 Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3 Most of the telecom operators choose to formulate their own standards and require equipment vendors to be adapted to them. This is difficult because the design of vendors’ equipment is already finalized.

  11. Layer of intelligent management VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE VNE Layer of adaptation EA EA EA SNMA EMA Legends: NE－network element (networked equipment); SNMA－sub-network management adaptor; EMA－Network element management adaptor; VNE－Virtual Network Element; EA－Network Element Adaptor NE Layer of transmission NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE Eliminating the heterogeneity of network through interface adaptation and virtual network element technology Virtual network element is a functional component delivered by software. Unified and intelligent management of equipment from various vendors is realized through allocation of virtual network elements.

  12. Leveraging the potential of network management by using case-based root cause analysis Fault presentation and handling Line failure Network element failure circuit-based service failure Customer-related failure 0.3% Root cause analysis engine Root cause analysis Resource pool 40% Expert database Filter Threshold Filtration Provision information Perfor infor Alarm infor 100% Network NE NE NE NE NE NE Quick and accurate trouble-shooting through multi-stage filtration and expert database.

  13. Video network Traditional data network Traditional data network Internet Internet Mobile data network Mobile data network Video network Voice network Voice network (2) Bearing network is the key for convergence • Background of network convergence Currently separated networks Integrated bearing network Network control point 多种业务接入 ？ Evolution A unified network platform delivering multiple services One network for one service, multiple networks for multiple services

  14. Internet NGN ISDN B- ISDN • Roadmap of convergence in telecom and IT sector in the last several decades 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s today Based on ATM Based on circuit switch Based on router Packet technology Multiservice Function separation quality of service equal access wide mobility …

  15. How multiple service networks simultaneously operating on one single physical platform • Delivering multi-service through multiple logic Virtual Private Networks over a unified network platform • Each VPN defines its own QoS class and route table based on the service • VPNs are separated from each other, solving the reliability problem • Convergence of services is achieved for telecom, computer and video networks, providing a feasible technological approach for convergence of networks Convergence of networks is achieved for the first time for voice, video, Internet, data and CDMA 1X in 330 cities across the country

  16. A study shows that international telecom operators converged their networks in 2004-2006. “Multiservice Unified Network Platform” achieved network convergence in 2000, about 4 years in advance. Most telecom companies realize network convergence through the same technological approach Yankee Group found out in a report in 2004 that 17 out of the world’s top 20 telecom companies had begun to adopt IP/MPLS as their solution for network convergence.

  17. ROW & Other Networks PSTN DPCN PSTN Copper KStream DSL ATM Inter-node transmission provided by SDH/PDH platforms CWSS IP Fibre Mesh -SDH DWSS MSH -SDH ASDH PDH End User ~5k nodes ~2k nodes ~1k nodes ~400 nodes ~100 nodes ~15 nodes BT’s 21 century network is evolving by leveraging IP/MPLS Current multi-service and multiple network structure of BT Source: BT CTO Mick Reeve

  18. ROW & Other Networks PSTN PSTN Copper Call Server DSL IP Inter-node transmission provided by SDH platform Fibre & Copper ASDH derivative agg. box relieves PDH MSH -SDH Agg Box End User ~5k nodes ~1k nodes ~400 nodes ~100 nodes Evolution: number of networks gradually decreases Source: BT CTO Mick Reeve

  19. ROW & Other Networks Class 5 Call Server WWW Copper DSL GFP on SDH IP-MPLS-WDM Fibre & Copper PSTN services migrate to IP Agg Box ISP Content End User ~5k nodes ~100 nodes Objective of evolution: to realize network convergence Source: BT CTO Mick Reeve

  20. IM VoIP VoD … … SESSION (3) service network is engine for convergence Solving vertically separate service system and realizing complete layered convergence IMS Vertically separate service bodies Unified resources: shared data, single user profile, comprehensive customer experience Simplified and converged applications • same application for different networks • application separate from network • Driving down development and delivery cost Unified session control Independent access • Multiservice solution • supporting global roaming • Service robust and continuity

  21. Wireless Wireless Wireline Wireline Subscriber Data Subscriber Data Subscriber Data Subscriber Data Subscriber Data • Call control separate from bearer • IP and multi-media enabled • Commodity hardware and standardized interfaces • Better 3rd party application support • Limited 3rd party API standardization • 3rd party application interactions limited by embedded services/call model • Internal element integration limits deployment options Trend of evolution of soft switch – evolving toward the next generation network with IMS as its core Traditional Switch Model Consolidated SoftSwitch Model 3GPP/3GPP2 IMS Model App Servers IN Services App Servers App Servers App Servers IN, AIN, & Camel JTAPI, Parlay, & Proprietary XML SIP Session Control CSCF Features Embedded Services Call Control Call Control SIP SIP MGCF Signalling Gateway Signalling Signalling Gateway Media GW Controller Media GW Controller Bearer Path Control H.248/MEGACO H.248 SIP, H.323, & MGCP Switch Fabric Media Gateway Media Gateway IP IP Analog Circuit Wireless Analog Circuit Wireless Analog Circuit Wireless IP Endpoints SIP Endpoints • Further decomposition / deployable elements • Flexible data driven session control • Standardized SIP interfaces • Standardized, flexible, application support • Common subscriber data • Limited 3rd party app support • Custom hardware/software • No IP Support • Bearer follows signaling

  22. (4) MAN and Access Network are guarantee for convergence A. Structure, authentication, billing and security system of MAN Control structure: (CCM) + service access control point (SACP)

  23. Working outward from the core Working inward from the edge Making it work together MEF – Architecture Framework /Reference Points Model NNI UNI Metro Ethernet Network (MEN) PublicService/Transport Networks Subscriber B. New development of MAN – telecom class Ethernet MEF – Ethernet Characteristics What if I told you Scalability, Demarcation, Resiliency, TE-like tunneling and OAM were achievable without: • Adding MPLS control plane • Keep low cost point near native Ethernet

  24. C. Convergence of wireless and wired access Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) is a new standard developed in North America and Europe, designed to realize integration of WLAN, Bluetooth and mobile network. It can transmit CDMA and GSM voice and data through wireless technologies like WLAN and Bluetooth which do not require frequency license. U.S.: convergence of mobile and fixed line – capital market in action Two major acquisitions in recent years in the U.S. telecom sector were designed to realize full-service operation. SBC acquires AT&T: SBC, which controlled Cingular Wireless, acquired data and long-distance service provider AT&T, becoming the largest comprehensive service provider in the U.S. Verizon acquires MCI: Verizon, which owns both fixed line and mobile business, acquired MCI, the second largest long-distance and data service provider, strengthening its capability in these areas.

  25. Cellular(GSM) PSTN Converged cell phone Base station PSTN Link NTE BluePhoneAccess point VoIP Gateway BroadbandLink or Bluetooth WiFi ADSL NTE • Wired broadband is limitless: Since 1980s, the bandwidth of fibre communications has grown 10 times every 5 years, price decreased by 50% every 3 years, showing immense potential. • Wireless bandwidth is limited, but its application is limitless: the available radio frequency resources are limited and will be increasingly scare. In June 2004, several world’s leading telecom operators established a global alliance – Fixed and Mobile Convergence Alliance, to promote converged services. Members of the alliance include DoCoMo, BT, Cegetel, KT, Swisscom and Telstra, etc. Included in the alliance are both wired phone companies and mobile giants, which are seeking win-win cooperation. The advantage of wire line is high bandwidth and abundant resources, while wireless communications can deliver mobility and convenience. The convergence of mobile and fixed line can leverage the advantages of both.

  26. 1. Background of network neutrality On 8 June 2006, the U.S. House of Representatives rejected the Democrat-backed concept of Net neutrality, dealing a bitter blow to Internet companies like Amazon.com, eBay and Google that had engaged in campaigns to support it. But the story did not stop here. The opposing two sides were lobbying the Congress very hard, attempting to get a favorable legal environment for them. The controversy over Net neutrality will be a significant game for communications and information industry since the Internet was invented, and has a bearing on the interest of the information industry. ICPs and VoIP service providers supported legislation of Net neutrality, as they are afraid that their services might be discriminated by network providers. Broadband providers, such as large telecom and cable TV companies, were against legislation of Net neutrality, saying they will not suffocate any website or service, and they only want to maintain the right to charge the "expressway." Broadband providers have spent billions of dollars in upgrading their networks. Verizon and their supporters said the concern about network neutrality is unnecessary, and the legislation will discourage their incentive to invest in broadband. Broadband companies and content providers left no stone unturned to lobby in Washington over the network neutrality legislation. But broadband providers were three times more generous than content providers. Companies like AT&T spent $230.9 million in lobbying Congressmen since 1998, while Google, Amazon and their supporters spent $71.2 million. 2. Implications for us It is imperative that telecom operators step up technological innovation and upgrade their network to address new challenges. III. Implications of debates on network neutrality

  27. Thank you!

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