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Enhancing Ocean Circulation Studies in New Caledonia: Climate Impacts and Downscaling Efforts

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zilya
17 diapositives · 321 Views · Oct 14, 2014

This work analyzes the significance of ocean circulation around New Caledonia, examining the historical and recent downscaling efforts in understanding Pacific Ocean climate impacts. Highlighting initiatives since 1969, including the establishment of coastal observation networks and the integration of models such as ROMS with larger-scale models like MERCATOR, we delve into regional climate variability. Specific focus areas include the implications of climate change on ecosystems, fisheries, tropical diseases, and the increasing threat of extreme weather events like tropical cyclones.

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  1. Ocean circulation around New Caledonia, downscaling of Pacific ocean climate and Impacts on issues relevant to island societies Patrick MARCHESIELLO IRD LEGOS 13 April, 2007

  2. South-west Pacific circulation… Heading toward finer scales

  3. Short story of Physical Oceanography in the New Caledonia • 1969: a network of oceanographic observations using merchant ships was initiated by the IRD. The focus is on the large scale, although Hénin (1982, …) compiles the first climatology of the New Caledonia region. • 1994: The New Caledonia program ZoNéCo support the creation of a network of coastal stations. Delcroix and Lenormand (1997) compile regional data and show the characteristics of ENSO in the region. • 2000-2005: the downscaling effort is pushed further, with the development of the coastal network and a modeling activity. STCC

  4. Climatology (1972-1992) Annual mean surface temperature (a) et salinity (b) computed from in-situ data collected from 1972 to 1992 in the New Caledonia region (Delcroix et Lenormand, 1997)

  5. Caledonia upwelling discovery Hénin et Cresswell, 2005 • Seasonality ? • Alongshore extension ? Satellite SST for February 2003

  6. Koumac Future station Stations mooring Development of the coastal network (1994-2006) Phare Amédée F. Gallois thermosalinographe SEA-BIRD SBE16 Onset temperature sensor

  7. 20 m Thermocline 100 m Upwelling cell nutriens 120 m nutrients Seasonality of upwellingAlory et al., 2006 Upwelling is apparent in summer only because the winter thermocline is deeper than the upwelling cell can reach Eté 20 m Hiver 120 m

  8. Refining our understanding of spatial variations: Models A regional model (ROMS) is embedded into a large scale model (MERCATOR) to perform a high resolution reanalysis (Marchesiello et al., 2006).

  9. Model validation

  10. Animation: J. Lefèvre

  11. Circulation around the barrier reef Surface Temperature and currents in ROMS (Atlas hydrodynamique, Vega et al., 2006) Current measurments with a glider (Gourdeau, 2006) Température satellite

  12. Applications: regional impacts of climate variability • ENSO and climate: downscaling • Impacts of climate changes: • Ecosystem, Fisheries • Tropical Cyclones • Tropical diseases: Dengue … • Operational Oceanography: Survey and forecast • Data distribution

  13. Tuna-Environment relation • IRD-CPS projects supported by ZoNéCo for 2007-2008 • Integrated approach by coupling models: • physics (ROMS) • Plankton ecosystem (PISCES) • Prey and tuna (SEAPODYM) K. Briand, ZoNéCo

  14. Simulation of Erica - March 2003 Cyclones & Climate • Project supported by ANR for 2007-2009 • Downscaling mechanisms of ENSO and ENSO changes under global warming hypothesis. • Impact on extreme events: Tropical Cyclones in the Caledonia region

  15. Climate and Dengue Modeling the Risk of dengue Regional modeling

  16. Operational Oceanography:survey and forecast Survey: Real-time Web distribution of coastal station data Forecast: Web distribution of model forecast Support: project PREVIMER

  17. Data Distribution Development of data server allowing access and extraction of model output and observation data for the Caledonia region