Europe in the Dark Ages

1. Europe in the Dark Ages Transforming Roman World

2. Major Question 1 • How did political power in Europe shift after the fall of the Roman Empire?

3. First of all… • Rome was divided into two empires in 284 AD by the Emperor Diocletian • West (Rome) East (Constantinople)

4. What happened to Rome in 476 AD? • Western Roman Empire sacked and destroyed by German Invaders

5. http://www.history.com/videos/the-visigoths-sack-rome#the-visigoths-sack-romehttp://www.history.com/videos/the-visigoths-sack-rome#the-visigoths-sack-rome

6. Germanic Kingdoms • German kings replaced many rulers in western Roman Empire • Roman Empire became collection of German states

7. Germanic Society • Intermarried with people of Roman Empire • Family=crucial bond • Wergild • Ordeal

8. Problems with Germanic Kingdoms • Weak politically • Little organization • Why might Germanic Kingdoms have been weak politically? Where did they get power from in the first place? • Needed more political power

9. Franks • One of the few long lasting German states • Clovis (500 A.D.) • Strong military leader • First Germanic ruler converted to Christianity • Earned support of Roman Catholic Church • Romans and Germans intermarry and form new society

10. Christianity • Before, Germanic Kingdoms = weak/disorganized • Christianity at this point = strong and organized.

11. Christianity • By end of 4th century, Christianity spreads throughout Europe (missionaries)

12. The CHURCH • Christianity had been organized into the Roman Catholic Church. • Anytime you see “The Church” (capital C) referenced, it means Christianity/The Roman Catholic Church. • Roman Catholic Church = The Church(Christianity) • For example: The power of the Church grew during the Dark Ages.

13. Power in Europe • The Church gains power as Kings convert to Christianity • Why would Kings listen to the Church? • Church gains great political power in Europe over time

15. Major Question 1 • How did political power shift in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire? • Who held political power before the fall? • Who took over? • Were they politically strong? • What happened? • Who ended up with political power in Europe?

16. Recap • Rome divides • Germanic Invasions • Sack of Rome • Germanic Kingdoms • Franks (Clovis) • Christianity • Church

17. Major Question 2 • How did the Church/Christianity impact European society?

18. Political Impacts on Society • Pope Gregory I 6th century • Strengthened office of pope (pope has more power) • What’s a pope?? You must know this, estudiantes. • Church takes control of Rome and surrounding territories • Papacy = religious and political power • Pope = Papacy = Papal Papal power = power of the pope. What would a papist be?

19. Religious Impacts • As the Church grows, more people become Christians and follow the pope’s rules and guidelines. • Pretty simple.

20. Monks • “man who separates himself from ordinary human society in order to pursue a life of total dedication to God” • Benedict’s rule • Primary emphasis on prayer and manual labor • Physical labor required • Prayer 7 times a day

21. Monasteries – Where monks live • Centers of learning • Scriptoria – copied Bibles and Roman/Greek books • Monks spread Christianity to Europe

22. Heroes? • Monks provided moral examples, social workers, schools, hospitality, and hospitals. • How do these things benefit society? How do monks help spread Christianity?

23. Nuns • Female versions of monks • Lived in convents • Abbess in charge of each convent Education centers for women

24. Major Question 2 • How did the Church/Christianity impact European society? • Political power • Spread of Christianity • Benefits of monks/scriptoria • Nuns