United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, & Germany

1. United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, & Germany EQ: Why do people choose to live in certain places?

2. United Kingdom • Consists of 4 regions: • England • Scotland • Wales • Northern Ireland

3. Location • UK’s location has helped the country become an international banking and insurance center -more foreign bank branches than any country in the world • Location helps with US trade -US is UK’s #1 trading partner!

4. Location • UK’s location makes it HUB for trade • Across the English Channel is France, west is Ireland, east is Scandinavian Peninsula • 10 major ports along the coast

5. Climate • The UK has a mild (temperate)climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round. -No section go without rain for more than two weeks -Winter are mild and wet; summers are warmest in the south • The Gulf Stream crosses the Atlantic Ocean

6. Natural Resources • Major export: manufactured goods • coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, slate, arable land • Major Industries: automobile production, steel manufacturing, shipbuilding

7. Natural Resources • Fishing is a large and profitable industry in UK • Nearly 25% of country has arable land (suitable for faming) -Over half of the land is used for farms

8. Population / Where People Live/Land Area • About 60 million people live in the United Kingdom. • Around 90% of the UK’s people live in cities. • London has over 7 million people. • Land Area – 243,610 sq. miles

9. Russia

10. Location

11. Location • Spans two continents – Europe and Asia • Shares a border with 15 countries • At its closest point, Us and Russia are only 3 miles apart across the Bering Straight! • European Russia is mostly landlocked (surrounded by land on all sides) • Exceptions – Murmansk and St. Petersburg

12. Climate • Most of the western part of Russia has a humid continental climate. Summers are warm and rainy, while winters are cold and snowy. • Only two seasons: winter and summer. Eastern Russia experiences cool, short summers and long, snowy winters. • Asian Russia (Siberia) northern border is a tundra (nearly frozen, treeless plain). • 73% of population lives in European Russia

13. Natural Resources • Major export: petroleum • Bauxite, coal, copper, fishing, gold, iron ore, lead, natural gas, nickel, tin, & zinc • Volga River – hydroelectric power • Lots of forest with lumber have been cleared to build European cities • With Russia’s harsh climate and rugged terrain, natural resources and difficult to get to

14. Population/ Where People Live/ Land Area • Russia is one of the most populous countries in the world, with 145.5 million people. • Most people live WEST of the Ural mountains, where the climate is mildest and the land is the most fertile. • Land Area – 17,098,242 sq. miles

15. Germany

16. Location

17. Location • North Central Europe – European Plain • Southern region – mountainous • Central region – hilly and mountainous • Northern region – flat • Rhine River – most important commerical waterway in Europe

18. Climate • Because of its mountainous landscape, Germany has a cool climate. • West – winters are mild and summers are cool with rainfall year round • East – winters are very cold and summers are very hot with long dry periods

19. Natural Resources • An area in western Germany called the Ruhr ranks as one of the world’s most important industrial centers because of its rich deposits of coal and iron ore. • Germany imports about 1/3 of its food, although farmers grow grains, vegetables, and fruits. • Germany’s Black Forest is a huge producer of timber, although recently acid rain has severely damaged tree growth.

20. Natural Resources • Iron ore, coal, potash, uranium, nickel, natural gas, and copper • Timber is also a resource but most of it has been cut down • 1/3 of land is arable

21. Population/Where People Live/Land Area • Germany’s population is 82.6 million people. • Because of its rivers and fertile land, Germany’s northern plain has many cities and towns. • One of Europe’s most important waterways flows through southern Germany. • 85% of people live in cities (Berlin is the largest and the capital) • Land Area: 357, 022 sq. miles

22. Trade • Rhine River is important for trade • Many German cities lie on the Rhine

23. Italy

24. Location

25. Location • Long, boot-shaped peninsula surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea • Alps form northern border • Apennine Mountains run from the Alps to the sea • 2 small islands, Sardinia and Sicily, are part of Italy

26. Climate • Most of Italy has a mild climate of sunny summers and rainy winters. In spring and summer, hot dry winds called siroccos blow across Italy from North Africa. • Temperate (mild) climate with regional differences • Coast – mild winters, warm summers • Mountains – cold, wet, snowy winters and humid summers

27. Natural Resources • Major export: metal • coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, silica sand, slate, • 26% arable land • Grapes and olives are important crops • More than 800 ports for fishing boats

28. Population/Where People Live/Land Area • Italy has 57.2 million people. • About 70% of the population live in towns and cities. (More than 90% of Italians work in manufacturing and service industries.) • 7 out of 10 people live in urban areas (Rome, Naples, Milan, Turin) • Almost half of the people live in the northern 1/3 of the country • Land Area: 301,340 sq. miles

29. Trade • Apennine Mtns. Are like a backbone across Italy • They affect where people live and how they transport goods and people • Location on Mediterranean Sea affects trade with other countries • Has a long history of shipping goods to Africa, Asia, and Europe