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Filters & Flash

Explore essential photography techniques for utilizing filters and flash to enhance your images. Learn how tungsten and fluorescent filters affect color balance and exposure. Understand the benefits of all-purpose filters like neutral density and skylight. Discover how to enhance flash photography by bouncing light for even illumination and reducing harsh shadows, achieving natural-looking results. Gain insights into adjusting ISO settings for low-light situations, balancing sensitivity and image quality. Achieve professional-looking photographs with these essential tips.

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Filters & Flash

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  1. Filters & Flash COM 241 Photography I

  2. Color Filters • Tungsten (indoor) light • Tungsten light gives image yellowish cast • Blue filter (80A) • Lose 2 f-stops

  3. Fluorescent light • Gives image blue/green cast • Use FL or 30M filter (magenta filter) • Lose 1 f-stop

  4. To set WB • Press WB button on camera back • Set white balance to AWB or desired setting by turning dial while looking at LCD panel

  5. All purpose filters • Neutral density • Absorbs light from all parts of light spectrum • Comes in various densities • Lose about 1 to 13 stops • Skylight • Used to protect lens • No lose in f-stop • Also eliminates ultraviolet light

  6. Polarizing • Reduces reflections • Also darkens blue sky • Lose about 1 stop

  7. Critique of direct flash • Throws unnatural black shadows behind subject • Lighting usually looks too harsh • Sometimes there’s uneven lighting • Subjects in front look lighter, in back darker • Sometimes get bad reflections • People wearing glasses

  8. Problems with using direct flash: Uneven lighting (light foreground, dark background) Bright spots, reflections

  9. Dark, sharp shadows

  10. Ceiling Bounce flash Subject • Advantages: • Diffused lighting • Even illumination • Usually aim strobe at ceiling and bounce flash off the ceiling • Lighting that bounces covers a larger area when it reaches subject • Scene is more evenly lit, and diffused Strobe

  11. To photograph this drug search, the photographer used the light from a small portable strobe bounced off the ceiling. Bounce strobe spreads an even, almost shadowless light throughout the room. Joanne Rathe Strohmeyer / Boston Globe

  12. Can also bounce light off a wall • More directional effect Subject Strobe

  13. A 45-degree bounce flash can look like natural light. Here one flash was bounced off the corner between the ceiling and wall.

  14. With strobe bounced off a wall outside the picture area, the light appears to come from the candles. Mimicking available light with strobe increases the overall illumination without losing the natural feel. Ken Kobre / Boston Phoenix

  15. When a bounce flash works best • Small to medium size room • Auditoriums don’t work • Need a light-toned surface • Dark walls absorb the light

  16. Change the ISO • Use for low light situations • Allows higher shutter speed or smaller aperture • 100 / 200 / 400 / 800 / 1600 • Each increment doubles camera’s sensitivity to light • 100 > 400 • Shutter speed 15 > 60 or f-stop from f-4 to f-8

  17. On Cannon digital cameras to change ISO: • Push up arrow on back of camera • ISO is displayed on back LCD panel • Use dial to increase or decrease ISO

  18. Advantages: shoot in low light situations w/o direct flash • Disadvantages: print is grainier, less resolution as ISO increases

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