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Networks

Networks. What are they and how do they work?. What is a Network?. Hardware and software data communication system Two or more devices connected for the purpose of sharing data or services. What does a Network Do?. A Network allows users to:. Access Data Share hardware and software

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Networks

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  1. Networks What are they and how do they work?

  2. What is a Network? • Hardware and software data communication system • Two or more devices connected for the purpose of sharing data or services

  3. What does a Network Do? A Network allows users to: • Access Data • Share hardware and software • Share files • Save personal files in a secure centralized location

  4. How are networks classified? • Peer to Peer – Two or more computers in the same proximity connected to each other

  5. How are networks classified? • LAN(Local Area Network) – A data communications network which is geographically limited, such as your entire campus.

  6. How are networks classified? • WAN(Wide Area Network) - A network extending over distances greater than one kilometer, such as all of the Cedar Hill Independent School District, a large corporation, or even the WWW.

  7. Types of Networks Continued… Internet • The “ultimate” WAN • Available worldwide (World Wide Web) • Worldwide collection of networks that links together millions of commercial (.com), education (.edu), non profit (.org), public networks (.net), government (.gov), military (.mil) as well as individual sites

  8. What components are required? • Before network components can communicate they must be connected • A Network Adapter – a circuit board installed in a computer or network device to provide a physical connection to a network

  9. NIC – Ethernet Card • NIC (Network Interface Card) – typically an Ethernet card such as those installed in the Middle School Computer Applications labs • The cable which attaches to this type of card has 8 smaller twisted wires

  10. Types of Networks Continued… Intranet • A private network • May be protected by a “firewall” • May require a User ID and password • May be available worldwide but not open to the general public

  11. Router Hub Switch Hubs, Switches, Routers • Multi-port hardware components that allow several components to be attached to a single port or connection

  12. Wireless Card • WI-FI – (Wireless Fidelity) The standard for manufacturer of wireless network components. Such adaptors may be built into desktops or inserted into notebooks • No cables required, only an access point

  13. Communication Software • All network components require software • Different networks components communicate with different types of software: • Drivers • Network Operating System • Network Client • Browsers

  14. Drivers • Drivers are the software packages that control hardware components • All adaptors must have drivers loaded in order to communicate • Some drivers load automatically utilizing the operating system • Some drivers must be installed from floppy disks or CDs

  15. Network Operating Systems • Networks that connect to a common server or servers require a Network Operating System (NOS) • A NOS allows resources such as file storage, application programs, and printers to be shared • A NOS may allow users to save their files in a secure environment

  16. Network Operating Systems • Common Network Systems include: • Unix • Novell • Microsoft NT • LANtastic • MS LAN Manager

  17. Internet Access Software • ISP(Internet Service Provider) – Access to the Internet is provided by companies licensed to provide such services • AOL • Internet America • SBC, Verizon, AT&T, Sprint • They provide specific access software, User ID, password, and possibly email and web space

  18. Network Clients • All computers that access a Network Operating System must have a client

  19. Browsers • All computers that access the Internet or Intranet must have a browser • Browsers include • Internet Explorer • Netscape • Opera • Mozilla • UltraBrowser

  20. Shared Components • Server – A computer which provides services for users of other computers connected within a network, LAN or WAN. • Authentication of users • Read/write shared and personal files • Print services • Printer – Registered network users may access common printers reducing the number of required printers

  21. Coaxial Fiber optic Ethernet or Telephone Additional Hardware • Cable – individual components in a network are connect from one adaptor or component to the next with cables

  22. Identify The Following How many of the following can you identify in your classroom? • Network adaptor or NIC • Ethernet cable • Hub, switch, or router • Server • Network printer

  23. Identify The Following Identify software provided in your classroom for each of the following categories? • Network Operating System (NOS) • Network Client • Browser • Drivers • ISP software

  24. Compare and Contrast • LAN and WAN • Similarities • Differences

  25. Compare and Contrast • Internet and Intranet • Similarities • Differences

  26. Networks

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