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An Introduction to Early Roman History and Its Geographic Significance

This overview explores the foundational aspects of early Roman history, highlighting the geographical advantages that shaped its development. Italy's central Mediterranean location, the protective Alps, and fertile western plains contributed to Rome's rise while creating a divide between wealthy plainsmen and poorer mountain tribes. Archaeology and ancient writings by Livy and Vergil reveal the early inhabitants, including Latin-speaking tribes and Etruscans, culminating in the legendary foundation of Rome in 753 BC. Key figures, such as Romulus and the Seven Kings, further illustrate Rome's storied beginnings.

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An Introduction to Early Roman History and Its Geographic Significance

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  1. Roman History Introduction

  2. The Italian Land • Central position in the Mediterranean • Alps in the north • Protected against barbarian invaders • Fertile plains in the west extending to the sea • Apennine mountains in the east • Made eastern Italy largely inaccessible • Created two groups: wealth plainsmen of the west and poor mountain tribes of the east • Few good harbors, all existed in west of south • Sicily provided stepping stone to Africa • Wealth of natural resources: iron, copper, gold, tin, silver, stones, and timber

  3. Sources for Early Roman History • Archaeology • Written: • Livy • Vergil

  4. Early people of Rome • Latin speaking tribes: • Latins • Sabines • Samnites • Ubrians • Oscans • Non-latin people in Italy: • Etruscans • Greeks

  5. Regions of Italy • Eturia • Umbria • Sabini • Latium • Samnium • Campania • Picenum • Apulia • Lucania • Calabria • Bruttia http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~28536~1120429:Map-of-ancient-Italy---Engraved-to-

  6. Early History • Etruscan Dominated much of Italy beginning in the 7th century • Ruled Rome for about 100 years • Etruscan culture had second greatest impact on Roman culture • Expanded south, came into direct contact with the Greeks and began to decline • Rome rebelled and gained independence around 500 BC

  7. Foundation Myths • Roman people descended from Aeneas of Troy • Romulus and Remus • Founded April 21, 753 BC • 7 kings of Rome: • Romulus • Numa Pompilius • Tullus Hostilius • Ancus Martius • Tarquinius Priscus • Servius Tullius • Tarquinius Superbus

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