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TRAPS & FENCES

TRAPS & FENCES. Traps -- behaviors with short term gain, long term pain smoking, eating sweets, procrastination Fences -- behaviors with short term lack of consequence or even mildly aversive consequence flossing, getting right on the job, eating broccoli. PUNISHMENT.

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TRAPS & FENCES

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  1. TRAPS & FENCES • Traps -- behaviors with short term gain, long term pain • smoking, eating sweets, procrastination • Fences -- behaviors with short term lack of consequence or even mildly aversive consequence • flossing, getting right on the job, eating broccoli

  2. PUNISHMENT • Defined -- the application of aversive or unpleasant consequences to a behavior. A punishment reduces the likelihood of a behavior occurring. • Like a negative reinforcer, it is unpleasant but a negative reinforcer strengthens and sustains behaviors. Punishment weakens and eliminates behaviors.

  3. PROBLEMS IN THE PROCESS • Is it truly punishment? • Is the timing delayed? • Is the punishment strong enough

  4. A CASE AGAINST PUNISHMENT • It requires monitoring • It is wasteful of supervisor’s time • It only suppresses behavior • It has undesirable side effects • fear, hostility, revenge • Nonetheless it is essential

  5. EFFECTIVE PUNISHMENT • Apply before the behavior takes root • Make it quick and strong enough • Punish the act, not the person • It should be consistent across time and people • It should have informational value • It is more effective in a warm and supportive relationship

  6. OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING • Learning by watching • Distinctiveness of the theory • cognitive • vicarious learning • motivation • active • efficient

  7. VICARIOUS LEARNING • Modeling • Ability and practice • Vicarious reinforcement

  8. MOTIVATION • Self-efficacy -- self-judgment concerning ability to perform an act. • positive enactment • modeling • coaching

  9. SELF-CONTROL • Arrange work environment so that negative behaviors are reduced and positive ones increased. Engineer your antecedents (signals) for effective behavior • Self-reward -- use more preferred activities as a reward for accomplishing less preferred ones.

  10. BACKWARDS & FORWARDS • Summing up -- • Traps & fences • Problems in punishing • Making it more effective • Observational learning • Looking ahead • Motivation and needs that govern work behavior

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