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Networking of Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES)

Networking of Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES). Guru Parulkar Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California, Riverside and National Science Foundation. Executive Summary. Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES) show great promise

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Networking of Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES)

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  1. Networking of Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES) Guru Parulkar Department of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of California, RiversideandNational Science Foundation

  2. Executive Summary • Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES) show great promise • Will bring another IT revolution that is even bigger • Networking of SES offer tremendous opportunities • Research, technology development, education and overall impact • UCR is well positioned to lead • Expertise and track record of the faculty • Commitment of the University leadership • Funding opportunities: federal and industrial

  3. Disruptive Technologies: SES • Digital sensors and actuators • Very inexpensive and can be integrated into silicon • Wireless • Low power inexpensive RF • Silicon integration • Sensor, DSP, CPU, FPGA, wireless, actuators • Huge software on a chip • Ultimate vision of silicon integration: Smart Dust UC Berkeley Motes, Crossbow Sensors

  4. Applications in All Aspects of Life Intel Presentation

  5. Scientific Precision agriculture Structural analysis Habitat and environment monitoring and response Water contamination detection Ocean monitoring Defense Target recognition and tracking Asset tracking and deployment Homeland security and protection of critical infrastructure Industrial, Enterprise, IT Tracking of all kinds of things Health monitoring and alert Instrumented buildings Disaster recovery Predictive equipment maintenance Environmentally aware data center Residential Instrumented homes security, lighting, entertainment Tracking of people (kids) & goods Seamless Physical Web Network of SES: Central Nervous System of Physical Web

  6. New Machines New Environments Applications New Scale Billion to trillion devices! Challenges and Opportunities

  7. Net Prog Env Management protocols Networking of SES system architecture Network Technology Gap Monitoring & Managing Spaces and Things applications Store Comm. uRobots actuate MEMS sensing Proc Power technology Miniature, low-power connections to the physical world

  8. SES and Networking • SES are not useful unless they are networked • “Network is the computer” is more true for SES • Networking of SES different from networking that we know • Solutions must lead to programmable, manageable, durable, secured networks of SES

  9. Realities of Network of SES Environment • Difficult interfaces to physical world • Highly resource constrained • Extreme operational environments • Highly heterogeneous • Unusually long life time • Unprecedented scale • Highly critical security and privacy

  10. Challenges • System design • Networking of SES • Privacy and security • Networked programming

  11. System Design Challenge • More challenging trade-offs space • Energy vs duty cycle • Failure rates and redundancy • Computing vs communications • RF power vs range • Time • Space • Need new design and verification models, methodologies and tools for hardware and software

  12. Potential Hardware Platforms Intel Stargate BT Node from ETH Zurich And there are more Berkeley Motes

  13. Networking of SES Challenge Given • New types of devices with differing capabilities • A variety of wireless and some wired links • Different connectivity & failure modes • Applications with very different requirements Need to invent new network and protocol architectures, algorithms, and implementations

  14. Network Architecture • Need for a tiered architecture • Functions and capabilities of each tier • Trade computing and communications to suite the environment/app • An example architecture • First tier • Motes ==> smart dust • Battery powered • Numerous • Interfaced to physical world • Second tier • More powerful and bigger • Interfaced to numerous first tier SES • Battery, other sources of power, possibly line power • Functions: Coordination of first tier nodes, data aggregation, computing-in-network, data integrity, etc • Third tier • Gateway to the Internet • Sharing among multiple applications and user classes • Heterogeneous platforms in each tier • Focus of research on network and protocol architectures that explore and validate different partitioning of functions

  15. Protocol Architecture • Addressing, naming • What needs to have an address/name? • Name and address binding/resolution • Topology discovery and localization • Routing: data driven, different metrics, secured • Congestion control: different notion of QoS • Time synchronization • Protocol architecture that facilitates • Multi layer abstractions (divide and conquer) AND • Applications aware optimization and integrated layer processing • Security, privacy, and integrity as its fundamental capabilities Power AwareNumerous SESTiered Network Arch

  16. QoS and Capacity • Network of SES capacity • Trade computing and communications, especially with in-network computing • QoS specification and guarantees • Application specific QoS semantics • Latency estimates and measurements • Real time or synchronous communication • Flexible channel isolation

  17. Network of SES Management • Self aware and evolvable • Dynamic topology • Identification and isolation of failed SES • Measurement • While conserving precious resources

  18. Security and Privacy Challenge • Very different and challenging • Physical environment cannot be protected • Traditional firewall & key distribution approaches do not work • A compromised SES or application can easilydisrupt, carefully alter, or snoop operation • Damage would be very serious • Need new thinking and solutions • Implications on hardware, OS, networked programming tools • Haven’t even started

  19. Network Programming Challenge • Need to program a group of potentially 1000s of SES with a set of unique constraints • Existing models and tools • Presume mostly client-server model • Designed for a small number of nodes • Not designed to address other unique constraints of SES • Need new programming models and tools • Increase ease of programming and reusability • New abstractions and automatic mapping on an array of SES • Assure privacy and security

  20. Path selection / routingBandwidth mgmtChannel access Network Network Network In-network Computing Arch How to program sensornets? Streamprocessing Distributedobjects Controlloop Declarative “SQL” Distributed Runtime Services Data aggregation & correlation, clustering, and adaptation Mapping app to resources SensorOS SensorOS SensorOS Security, app isolation Hardware Hardware Hardware Tamper-resistanceLocation-aware sensors From Hari@MIT

  21. Layer 3: Applications Layer Layer 2: Distributed Computing Layer • Distribution of application services • Dynamic real-time scheduling of sensor events on-line data analysis Type 1 Node: Sensor 2 Type 2 Node: Mobile Robot QoS to distributed tasks sensor events 3 Layer 1: Network Layer 1 • Anycasting and synchronization of fusion operations • Trajectory control of the mobile robots B A D C UCR Project: Tight Coupling of Network, Operating System & Application Layers Our Goal: How to build self-organizing and self-managing dynamic sensor network systems (From Vana) • Distributed on-line analysis of sensor data • Deviation detection in asynchronous streams

  22. CommercialSolutions DeployedInfrastructureApplications ReusableSystems &Science FoundationsResearch ExperimentalSystems Approach Close Coupling Must Programmable Manageable Durable Secured Networks of SES to Enable Seamless Physical Webs

  23. Expected Results • Foundations research: theoretical, algorithms and systems • Systems • Several NSES platforms: range of capabilities for tiered architecture • OS and protocols stacks • Networked programming environments • Many local testbeds with applications around the country • Education and Training • New graduate and undergraduate courses with experimental projects • Many graduate students with hands-on experience with platforms, implementation of algorithms and applications

  24. UCR Core Expertise • Strong foundation in place • Long track record in • Embedded, networking, wireless, DSP, & software sys • Several research projects in progress • Strong collaborations in place • And willingness to build more

  25. UCR Target Applications Applications Lot of opportunities to build interestingapplications Biosensors and Bioremediation Group

  26. Executive Summary • Sensorial Embedded Systems (SES) show great promise • Will bring another IT revolution that is even bigger • Networking of SES offer tremendous opportunities • Research, technology development, education and overall impact • UCR is well positioned to lead • Expertise and track record of the faculty • Commitment of the University leadership • Funding opportunities: federal and industrial

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