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Urinary System

Urinary System. Jensen Smith May 21, 2015 Human A&P Block 3 Mr. Coomes. Kidneys. The kidneys are commonly believed to be located in the lower back, when they are really located from the T12 vertebra to the L3 vertebra.

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Urinary System

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  1. Urinary System Jensen Smith May 21, 2015 Human A&P Block 3 Mr. Coomes

  2. Kidneys • The kidneys are commonly believed to be located in the lower back, when they are really located from the T12 vertebra to the L3 vertebra. • Two small, dark red organs named for their shape which resembles the kidney bean. They are about the size of a bar of soap. • The right kidney is slightly lower than the left due to the crowding from the liver. • Their job is to filter the fluids from the bloodstream and dispose of the wastes and excess ions. They also regulate the blood’s volume and chemical makeup so that the proper balance between water and salts and between acids and bases is maintained.

  3. Ureters Transportation channels to carry the urine from one body region to another. Specifically, the Kidneys to the Bladder.

  4. Urinary Bladder This is where the urine is stored until it can be properly excreted.

  5. Urine Formation Three Processes: • Glomerular Filtration • Tubular Reabsorption • Tubular Secretion

  6. Glomerular Filtration A nonselective, passive process in which fluid passes from the blood into the glomerular capsule part of the renal tubule. Once there, the fluid is essentially blood plasma without blood proteins. Both proteins and blood cells are normally too large to pass through the filtration membrane and when either of these appear in urine, there is something wrong with the Glomerular Filtration.

  7. Tubular Reabsorption This begins just as the filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule. This process takes the still useful substances and return them to the bloodstream. The other products, or waste, such as Urea, Uric Acid, and Creatinine, remain in filtrate and are excreted in the urine.

  8. Tubular Secretion This is the opposite of Tubular Reabsorption. This is when substances such as hydrogen and potassium ions and creatinine move from the bloodstream into the filtrate to be eliminated in urine.

  9. Urinary Pathway The blood of capillaries (such as the Peritubular Capillaries) is filtered in the kidneys. The kidneys collect all the waste and create a liquid called filtrate. This filtrate is carried down the Ureters and into the Urinary Bladder where it is kept until it can be excreted through the Urethra.

  10. Renal Blood Supply Pathway Aorta Glomerulus Efferent arteriole Inferior Vena Cava Renal Artery Afferent Arteriole Peritubular Capillaries Cortical Radiate Vein Cortical Radiate Artery Segmental Artery Renal Vein Arcuate Vein Interlobar Artery Arcuate Artery Interlobar Vein

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