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California Gold Rush Maria Warnick April 10, 2006 History Before the Rush Pop. 18000 Mainly Spanish speaking San Francisco pop. of a few hundred. Sacramento City est. – Sutter’s Fort. 1848 James W. Marshall first found gold in the current Sacramento area!!!! The Rush Begins – 1849
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CaliforniaGold Rush Maria Warnick April 10, 2006
History • Before the Rush • Pop. 18000 • Mainly Spanish speaking • San Francisco pop. of a few hundred. • Sacramento City est. – Sutter’s Fort. • 1848 James W. Marshall first found gold in the current Sacramento area!!!!
Transportation-Overland Routes • California trail – 1841 • 2000 miles from Missouri River to Central Valley • 4-5 months • 5000-6000 wagons in 1849 • 500-600 /day passing Fort Laramie • Mexico
Geysers-Clear Lake area of California Gold-Mercury deposits in Geothermal settings.
Geology • Three units • Franciscan complex • Coast Range ophiolite • Great Valley sequence • Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic
Mercury deposits - CA 85% of the US Manhattan deposit mined for 100 years before gold was found. Gold deposits – geothermal style gold deposit 12,000-15,000 oz. from 1870’s to 1950’s Produced from hydrocarbon-rich-quartz-carbonate veins Minerals
Dredge Placer Gold Mining
References • “Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!”, California Geologcial Survey, http://www.consrv.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_resources/gold/index.htm, viewed April 9, 2006. • Nicholas, C., 2004, Dirty Gold: The toxic legacy of cyanide leach mining, Minning Australia, University of technology Sydney. journalism.uts.edu.au/ miningoz_2004/DirtyGold/ • Prelude to the Gold Rush, UC Santa Barbara Department of Geography. http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g148_f05/lecture_notes/gold_rush/gold_rush1.html, viewed April 9, 2006. • Sherlock, R.L., 2005, The relationship between the Mclaughlin gold-mercury deposit and active hydrothermal systems in the Geysers-Clear Lake area, northern Coast Ranges, California: Ore Geology Reviews, n. 26, p. 349-382.