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Metrology The Science of Measurement

Metrology The Science of Measurement. 164 Education Liaison & Outreach. Let’s take a trip back in time…. Prehistoric people didn’t have time to measure. But over time…. people started growing food. and developing permanent settlements. So, they needed a system of measurement….

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Metrology The Science of Measurement

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  1. MetrologyThe Science of Measurement 164 Education Liaison & Outreach NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  2. Let’s take a trip back in time… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  3. Prehistoric peopledidn’t have time to measure NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  4. But over time…. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  5. people started growing food NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  6. and developing permanent settlements NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  7. So, they needed a system of measurement… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  8. or there would be mayhem! NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  9. History of Measurement NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  10. Egyptian Cubit • Used to build pyramids • Dependent on the pharaoh • Missed calibration was punishable by death! NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  11. Fast-forward 5000 years to current measurement systems NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  12. International System of Measurement Metric System (SI) SEVEN BASE UNITS Mass Kilogram (kg) Length Meter (m) Time Second (s) Temperature Kelvin (K) Electric Current Ampere (A) Amount of Substance Mole (mol) Luminous Intensity Candela (cd) NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  13. Metric System (SI) • Simple to use • Bases of ten • All other units derived from primary seven • For example: V = cm3 = 1 mL NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  14. Now, a couple of definitions… NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  15. Metrology “the science that deals with measurement” Measure “to determine the dimension, quantity or capacity of something” NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  16. Measurement Result Potential Value Metrology Concepts Uncertainty • Value assigned to a measurement result that characterizes how well it is known/unknown NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  17. NMI Inaccurate Measurements You, the Consumer Metrology Concepts Traceability • Unbroken chain of comparisons to the SI units, all having stated uncertainties NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  18. Metrology Concepts Calibration • Set of operations that establish the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument and a reference standard NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  19. Calibration Engineer Calibration Technician Metrologist • Designs and runs measurement calibrations & tests • Analyzes the results • Determines the final accuracy of the device under test Metrologist NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  20. Metrology Careers Scientific Metrology • Organization and development of measurement standards and their maintenance (highest level) NIST Atomic Clock Accurate to 1 s in 20 million years NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  21. Metrology Careers Industrial Metrology • Adequate functioning of measurement instruments used in industry as well as production and testing processes NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  22. Metrology Careers Legal Metrology • Measurements that influence economic transactions, health and safety NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  23. Who Needs Accurate Measurements? NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  24. Pharmaceutical Industry • Metrology laboratories test weights and volume standards for pharmaceutical companies • Products include medicines like aspirin, antibiotics, vaccines, insulin, & vitamins NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  25. Defense Industry • Metrology laboratories test standards for many military and defense companies • These companies make the guidance systems for the Patriot missiles and other things that are top secret NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  26. Space Station, Satellites…. • Metrology laboratories test standards for many companies that provide parts of the space shuttle • These parts include the metal, heat shield, electronics, fabrics, o-rings, optics, and tires NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  27. Retail Measurements • State metrology laboratories test standards used to test retail scales and meters • These include gas pumps, produce scales, milk, bread and other packaged items, and price scanning systems NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  28. Who Needs Accurate Measurements?Everybody! Weights and Measures measurements affect more than $6.6 trillion of the $13.2 trillion U.S. GDP (1996) NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  29. Interested in Metrology? NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  30. Interested in Metrology? “Metrology community is facing a shortage of qualified, trained metrology personnel across the U.S.” NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  31. NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  32. For More Information NCSL International (NCSLI) www.ncsli.org NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT Special Thanks to FreeFoto.com, www.sxc.hu Developed by NCSLI Committee 164

  33. Special Thanks to FreeFoto.com, www.sxc.hu, Microsoft Office Clipart Presentation Developed by NCSLI Committee 164 NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

  34. Questions, Comments, Suggestions? NCSL INTERNATIONAL SERVING THE WORLD OF MEASUREMENT

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