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Physics Chapter 1 Notes

Physics Chapter 1 Notes. Science . Knowledge that is acquired and tested using a systematic procedure (Scientific Method) Sharing information Predicting Using observation to make predictions. Observation Information that is known because it has been seen or experienced directly.

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Physics Chapter 1 Notes

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  1. Physics Chapter 1 Notes

  2. Science • Knowledge that is acquired and tested using a systematic procedure (Scientific Method) • Sharing information • Predicting • Using observation to make predictions Chapter 1

  3. Observation • Information that is known because it has been seen or experienced directly. • Black Boxes • Inference • A conclusion based upon known information or observations Chapter 1

  4. Hypothesis • A possible solution or explanation for a problem or question that is based on observations • Theory • A hypothesis that has been tested many times and still explains the observations (created by imagination) Chapter 1

  5. Horizontal motion • Aristotle • (384-322 BC). • natural state of object at rest • Galileo (Galileo Galilei) • (1564-1642) • imagined motion would continue without friction. Inertia (conceptually) Chapter 1

  6. Theories Replaced • Ptolomy (Claudius Ptolemaeus) • (100?-170? AD) • Earth centered universe Concentric crystaline spheres • Created a calendar that predicted the rising and setting of stars. • Copernicus (Nicolaus Copernicus) • (1473-1543) • Sun centered universe - not perfect, but better matched observations (phases of Venus) • His book “On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres” wasn’t published for 13 years because it contradicted the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. • Galileo was accused of Heresy but was later pardoned when the church accepted his teachings Chapter 1

  7. 1-2 Physics • Art, architecture, design, electricity, optics Chapter 1

  8. 1-3 • Model - A description, picture or idea about something that cannot be viewed directly (mental of visual picture) • Wave model of light • Theory - • Theory of Relativity • Atomic Theory Chapter 1

  9. Law - Concise statement about how nature works • Newton’s three laws • His Law of Gravity Chapter 1

  10. 1-4 • Uncertainty • Smallest division shown on measuring devise • Significant figures - • calculations use term with smallest number of significant figures. Do not count place holders • 80 cm 80.0 cm • Scientific notation • 46,450 4.645 x 104 Chapter 1

  11. 1-5 • Unit • relative to a particular standard • Standards • Metric system prefixes • ( pg. 9) kilo - micro • System International (SI) • Length - meter • Mass - kilogram • Time - second • Mars space probe Chapter 1

  12. 1-6 • Conversion factors • Cancel out units • Examples in book Chapter 1

  13. 1-7 • Rough estimates • Lake • Page of book • Triangulation - ratio of sides Chapter 1

  14. 1-8 - Appendix A - Mathematical Review Chapter 1

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