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CHAPTER 17

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CHAPTER 17

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  1. CHAPTER 17STARS AND SOLAR SYSTEM HARDIK LOHCHAB, TEJUS BHARGAV, HARSH VARDHAN VIII E 17, 44, 18

  2. Stars HARDIK LOHCHAB VIII E 17

  3. What is a Star? Stars are extremely large gaseous bodies found in the Universe. They produce enormous amounts of light and other forms of energy through Nuclear Fusion. The Sun is the star closest to the Earth. STARS IN SOLAR SYSTEM

  4. THE STAR The Sun is nearly 150,000,000 Kilometers (150 Million KM) away from the Earth. The next, nearest star is Alpha Centauri. It is at a distance about 40,000,000,000,000 Kilometer (40 trillion) from Earth.

  5. Birth of Stars • Stars are born from huge clouds of dust and Hydrogen, Helium & Traces other heavier elements. • These clouds collapse under Gravitational Forces and Gravitational Attraction between the atoms increases which adds more atoms to the centre. • Finally, the centre gets hotter and the star begins to shine.

  6. Life of a Star • A star's life cycle is determined by its mass. The larger its mass, the shorter its life cycle. • A star's mass is determined by the amount of matter that is available in its nebula, the giant cloud of gas and dust from which it was born. • Over time, the hydrogen gas in the nebula is pulled together by gravity and it begins to spin. The gas spins faster, it heats up and becomes as a protostar. Eventually the temperature reaches 15,000,000 degrees and nuclear fusion occurs in the cloud's core. • The cloud begins to glow brightly, contracts a little, and becomes stable. It is now a main sequence star and will remain in this stage, shining for millions to billions of years to come. This is the stage our Sun is at right now. • As the main sequence star glows, hydrogen in its core is converted into helium by nuclear fusion.

  7. Stars

  8. Solar System By => Tejus Bhargav Harsh Vardhan

  9. Solar System • Our Solar System comprises a group of celestial objects lacated in the Milky Way galaxy. • It’s made up of 8 planets, their moons, dwarf planets, asteroids and meteroids & several other smaller celestial bodies. Earth

  10. Sun • The Sun is the largest and the most important object in Solar System. • It’s the main source of light, heat & other forms of Energy on Earth. • Without the Sun, there would be no life on Earth. • The Sun is the largest and the only star in our Solar System. Do You Know => The Corona is the hottest part of the Sun’s atmosphere. The temperature in this layer can reach really high up to about 111,109,333* C during Solar flares.

  11. Mars • Mars is a terrestrial planet like Earth, Mercury and Venus. • It’s the second smallest planet in Solar System with a diameter of about 6794.650 KM. • The length of a day on Mars is 24 hrs, 39 mins and 35 sec. • The planet takes around 687 Earth days to complete one revolution around the Sun • It’s made up of three layers [ Core, Mantle & Crust ]. • This is also known as Red Planet.

  12. Phobos • Phobos, gouged and nearly shattered by a giant impact crater and beaten by thousands of meteorite impacts, is on a collision course with Mars. • Phobos is the larger of Mars' two moons and is 17 x 14 x 11 miles (27 by 22 by 18 kilometers) in diameter. • It orbits Mars three times a day, and is so close to the planet's surface that in some locations on Mars it cannot always be seen.

  13. Solar System

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